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This package implements a simple but powerful framework to measure political sophistication based on open-ended survey responses. Discursive sophistication captures the complexity of individual attitude expression by quantifying its relative size, range, and constraint. For more information on the measurement approach see: Kraft, Patrick W. 2023. “Women Also Know Stuff: Challenging the Gender Gap in Political Sophistication.” American Political Science Review (forthcoming).
You can install the development version of discursive from GitHub with:
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("pwkraft/discursive")library(discursive)
cces$discursive <- discursive(data = cces,
openends = c(paste0("oe0", 1:9), "oe10"),
meta = c("age", "educ_cont", "pid_cont", "educ_pid", "female"),
args_prepDocuments = list(lower.thresh = 10, verbose = FALSE),
args_stm = list(K = 25, seed = 12345, verbose = FALSE),
dictionary = dict_sample, progress = FALSE)$output$discursive
#> Building corpus...
#> Converting to Lower Case...
#> Removing punctuation...
#> Removing stopwords...
#> Removing numbers...
#> Stemming...
#> Creating Output...
head(cces)
#> age female educ_cont pid_cont educ_pid
#> 1 58 1 2 1 2
#> 2 70 1 4 1 4
#> 3 23 1 4 6 24
#> 4 29 1 6 2 12
#> 5 28 1 4 2 8
#> 6 57 1 2 2 4
#> oe01
#> 1 Check for past arrests or mental conditions
#> 2 Necessary to provide adequate information for anyone who wishes to purchase a weapon. This will prevent anyone not of sound mind to have a weapon. Also, anyone who has committed a serious crime should need further investigation.
#> 3 so guns do not get into the wrong peoples hands
#> 4 Less illegal guns on streets
#> 5 We want to protect the greater society by double checking
#> 6 to make sure the person doesn't have a criminal history or they are mentally unstable
#> oe02
#> 1 More and quicker sales
#> 2 These thinkers fear that anything at all will weaken the second amendment to the Constitution.
#> 3 to use for hunting
#> 4 Unfair everyone should have the right to beat arms
#> 5 That background checks shouldn’t matter because they are just wanting a gun for hunting purposes.
#> 6 it is against everyone's right to bear arms and it is an invasion of privacy
#> oe03
#> 1 Abortion is murder
#> 2 Mostly from religious organizations some of whom refer to the bible. They may not understand that it's not about religion.
#> 3 women have the right to make decisions about their own body
#> 4 People will be more careful having sex
#> 5 That it is a human life
#> 6 it is murder of the unborn
#> oe04
#> 1 Right to decide
#> 2 A woman should have the absolute right to decide what happens to her body as do men. Roe v Wade provides choice.
#> 3 you should not be able to kill a baby
#> 4 Demeaning to women
#> 5 It is the women’s right to do what she wants with her body
#> 6 women have the right to decide what to do with their bodies
#> oe05
#> 1 Provide a better life for them
#> 2 This is the only fair and just way to provide legal status to these people who know nothing but the US, have been educated here and work to provide a better life for them and us.
#> 3 America is the home for chances
#> 4 People are people let them pursue happiness
#> 5 This is their home and all they know
#> 6 American is built on the idea of being a melting pot with open arms to immigrants
#> oe06
#> 1 Overpopulating and less jobs
#> 2
#> 3 people need to earn their way into our country
#> 4 We can help them
#> 5 They are still immigrants
#> 6 they drain the system resources and some of them are terrorists
#> oe07
#> 1 Is not affordable
#> 2 Costs too much and was a Democratic idea.
#> 3 everyone had a chance to be covered by health care
#> 4
#> 5 It is costing us too much money and we have better options
#> 6 it forces people to purchase something against their will that they may or may not want
#> oe08
#> 1 More money for insurance companies
#> 2 All Americans deserve healthcare just like most of the world's progressive countries.
#> 3 not everyone thinks its a requirement to have healthcare
#> 4 People need affordable healthcare
#> 5 Keep protecting the ones we are already protecting
#> 6 it helps more people have insurance
#> oe09
#> 1
#> 2 Just another ridiculous Republican idea.
#> 3 We keep a line of trade with other countries
#> 4
#> 5 Since they are out of the country we should charge
#> 6 we have to pay them tariffs so they can pay us too
#> oe10
#> 1
#> 2 This just irritates our allies and hurts our workers, companies and farmers.
#> 3 We close the line of trade with other countries
#> 4 Less big government
#> 5 It is just trading
#> 6 it isn't good for international relations
#> discursive
#> 1 0.07362755
#> 2 1.27235839
#> 3 0.32848993
#> 4 -0.17371927
#> 5 0.79568885
#> 6 0.50372490These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.
Health stats visible at Monitor.