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and

r-universe status badge License: MIT R build status Dependencies

and constructs language-aware lists in R. It extends the functionality of functions like knitr::combine_words() and glue::glue_collapse() to make and-separated and or-separated lists that automatically conform to the user’s R language settings.

Installation

You can install the released version of and from CRAN with:

install.packages("and")

or the development version of and from GitHub with:

# install.packages("pak")
pak::pkg_install("rossellhayes/and")

Usage

and() creates “and”-separated lists from vectors.

names <- c("John", "Paul", "George", "Ringo")
and(names)
#> [1] "John, Paul, George, and Ringo"

But the Oxford comma is less common in other varieties of English, what happens if I change my R language to British English?

Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "en_GB")
and(names)
#> [1] "John, Paul, George and Ringo"

What about other languages?

Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "es")
and(names)
#> [1] "John, Paul, George y Ringo"
Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "eu")
and(names)
#> [1] "John, Paul, George eta Ringo"
Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "ko")
and(names)
#> [1] "John, Paul, George 및 Ringo"

Handling the nuances

Creating a list is not as simple as putting a different word between the last two items. For example, in Spanish, the word for and changes if the next word starts with an ⟨i⟩ or ⟨y⟩:

princess_bride <- c("Vizzini", "Fezzik", "Inigo Montoya")
Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "es")
and(princess_bride)
#> [1] "Vizzini, Fezzik e Inigo Montoya"

or-separated lists

Everything and() can do or() can do better. Just use or() to create or-separated lists with all the same contextual awareness.

outcomes <- c("win", "lose", "draw")
Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "en_US")
or(outcomes)
#> [1] "win, lose, or draw"
Sys.setenv(LANGUAGE = "ja")
or(outcomes)
#> [1] "win、lose、またはdraw"

Hardcoding language

Don’t want the language of you string to depend on the user’s environment variables? You can explicitly set the language using the language argument.

and(names, language = "en_US")
#> [1] "John, Paul, George, and Ringo"
and(names, language = "en_GB")
#> [1] "John, Paul, George and Ringo"
and(names, language = "es")
#> [1] "John, Paul, George y Ringo"
and(names, language = "fr")
#> [1] "John, Paul, George et Ringo"

Languages

Fully supported languages

Language Code and example or example
Afrikaans af 1, 2, 3 en 4 1, 2, 3 of 4
Albanian sq 1, 2, 3 dhe 4 1, 2, 3 ose 4
Amharic am 1፣ 2፣ 3, እና 4 1፣ 2፣ 3፣ ወይም 4
Arabic ar ‏1 و2 و3 و4‎ ‏1 أو 2 أو 3 أو 4‎
Armenian hy 1, 2, 3 և 4 1, 2, 3 կամ 4
Assamese as 1, 2, 3 আৰু 4 1, 2, 3 বা 4
Asturian ast 1, 2, 3 y 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Azerbaijani az 1, 2, 3 və 4 1, 2, 3, yaxud 4
Bangla bn 1, 2, 3 এবং 4 1, 2, 3, বা 4
Basque eu 1, 2, 3 eta 4 1, 2, 3 edo 4
Belarusian be 1, 2, 3 і 4 1, 2, 3 ці 4
Bosnian bs 1, 2, 3 i 4 1, 2, 3 ili 4
Breton br 1, 2, 3 ha 4 1, 2, 3 pe 4
Bulgarian bg 1, 2, 3 и 4 1, 2, 3 или 4
Burmese my 1 - 2 - 3နှင့် 4 1 - 2 - 3 သို့မဟုတ် 4
Cantonese yue 1、2、3同4 1、2、3 或 4
Catalan ca 1, 2, 3 i 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Cebuano ceb 1, 2, 3, ug 4 1, 2, 3, o 4
Cherokee chr 1, 2, 3, ᎠᎴ 4 1, 2, 3, ᎠᎴᏱᎩ 4
Chinese zh 1、2、3和4 1、2、3或4
Chuvash cv 1, 2, 3 тата 4 1, 2, 3 е 4
Croatian hr 1, 2, 3 i 4 1, 2, 3 ili 4
Czech cs 1, 2, 3 a 4 1, 2, 3 nebo 4
Danish da 1, 2, 3 og 4 1, 2, 3 eller 4
Dutch nl 1, 2, 3 en 4 1, 2, 3 of 4
English (with Oxford comma) en 1, 2, 3, and 4 1, 2, 3, or 4
English (without Oxford comma) en_GB et al.* 1, 2, 3 and 4 1, 2, 3 or 4
Estonian et 1, 2, 3 ja 4 1, 2, 3 või 4
Faroese fo 1, 2, 3 og 4 1, 2, 3, ella 4
Filipino fil 1, 2, 3, at 4 1, 2, 3, o 4
Finnish fi 1, 2, 3 ja 4 1, 2, 3 tai 4
French fr 1, 2, 3 et 4 1, 2, 3 ou 4
Galician gl 1, 2, 3 e 4 1, 2, 3 ou 4
Georgian ka 1, 2, 3 და 4 1, 2, 3 ან 4
German de 1, 2, 3 und 4 1, 2, 3 oder 4
Greek el 1, 2, 3 και 4 1, 2, 3 ή 4
Gujarati gu 1, 2, 3 અને 4 1, 2, 3, અથવા 4
Hausa ha 1, 2, 3, da 4 1, 2, 3 ko 4
Hebrew he ‏1, 2, 3 ו4‎ ‏1, 2, 3 או 4‎
Hindi hi 1, 2, 3, और 4 1, 2, 3 या 4
Hungarian hu 1, 2, 3 és 4 1, 2, 3 vagy 4
Icelandic is 1, 2, 3 og 4 1, 2, 3 eða 4
Indonesian id 1, 2, 3, dan 4 1, 2, 3, atau 4
Interlingua ia 1, 2, 3 e 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Irish ga 1, 2, 3 agus 4 1, 2, 3 nó 4
Italian it 1, 2, 3 e 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Japanese ja 1、2、3、4 1、2、3、または4
Javanese jv 1, 2, 3, lan 4 1, 2, 3, utowo 4
Kabuverdianu kea 1, 2, 3 i 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Kaingang kgp 1, 2, 3 kar 4 1, 2, 3 ketũmỹr 4
Kannada kn 1, 2, 3, ಮತ್ತು 4 1, 2, 3, ಅಥವಾ 4
Kazakh kk 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, не болмаса 4
Khmer km 1, 2, 3 និង 4 1, 2, 3 ឬ 4
Konkani kok 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, वा 4
Korean ko 1, 2, 3 및 4 1, 2, 3 또는 4
Kurdish ku 1, 2, 3 û 4 1, 2, 3 an 4
Kyrgyz ky 1, 2, 3 жана 4 1, 2, 3 же 4
Lao lo 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3 ຫຼື 4
Latvian lv 1, 2, 3 un 4 1, 2, 3 vai 4
Lithuanian lt 1, 2, 3 ir 4 1, 2, 3 ar 4
Lower Sorbian dsb 1, 2, 3 a 4 1, 2, 3 abo 4
Macedonian mk 1, 2, 3 и 4 1, 2, 3 или 4
Malay ms 1, 2, 3 dan 4 1, 2, 3, atau 4
Malayalam ml 1, 2, 3, 4 എന്നിവ 1, 2, 3, അല്ലെങ്കിൽ 4
Marathi mr 1, 2, 3 आणि 4 1, 2, 3, किंवा 4
Mongolian mn 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 зэргийн аль нэг
Nepali ne 1,2, 3 र 4 1, 2, 3, वा 4
Nheengatu yrl 1, 2, 3 asuí 4 1, 2, 3 u 4
Nigerian Pidgin pcm 1, 2, 3, an 4 1, 2, 3 ọ 4
Norwegian no 1, 2, 3 og 4 1, 2, 3 eller 4
Norwegian Bokmål nb 1, 2, 3 og 4 1, 2, 3 eller 4
Norwegian Nynorsk nn 1, 2, 3 og 4 1, 2, 3 eller 4
Odia or 1, 2, 3, ଓ 4 1, 2, 3 କିମ୍ବା 4
Persian fa ‏1،‏ 2،‏ 3، و 4‎ ‏1،‏ 2،‏ 3، یا 4‎
Polish pl 1, 2, 3 i 4 1, 2, 3 lub 4
Portuguese pt 1, 2, 3 e 4 1, 2, 3 ou 4
Punjabi pa 1, 2, 3 ਅਤੇ 4 1, 2, 3 ਜਾਂ 4
Quechua qu 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, utaq 4
Romanian ro 1, 2, 3 și 4 1, 2, 3 sau 4
Romansh rm 1, 2, 3 e 4 1, 2, 3 u 4
Russian ru 1, 2, 3 и 4 1, 2, 3 или 4
Sardinian sc 1, 2, 3 e 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Scottish Gaelic gd 1, 2, 3 agus 4 1, 2, 3 no 4
Serbian sr 1, 2, 3 и 4 1, 2, 3 или 4
Sindhi sd ‏1, 2, 3، ۽ 4‎ ‏1, 2, 3, يا 4‎
Sinhala si 1, 2, 3, සහ 4 1, 2, 3, හෝ 4
Slovak sk 1, 2, 3 a 4 1, 2, 3 alebo 4
Slovenian sl 1, 2, 3 in 4 1, 2, 3 ali 4
Somali so 1, 2, 3 iyo 4 1, 2, 3 ama 4
Spanish es 1, 2, 3 y 4 1, 2, 3 o 4
Swahili sw 1, 2, 3 na 4 1, 2, 3 au 4
Swedish sv 1, 2, 3 och 4 1, 2, 3 eller 4
Syriac syr ‏1, 2, 3، ܘ4‎ ‏1, 2, 3، ܝܐ 4‎
Tamil ta 1, 2, 3 மற்றும் 4 1, 2, 3 அல்லது 4
Telugu te 1, 2, 3 మరియు 4 1, 2, 3 లేదా 4
Thai th 1 2 3 และ4 1, 2, 3 หรือ 4
Tigrinya ti 1፣ 2፣ 3ን 4ን 1፣ 2፣ 3 ወይ 4
Tongan to 1 mo 2 mo 3 mo 4 1, 2, 3, pē 4
Turkish tr 1, 2, 3 ve 4 1, 2, 3 veya 4
Turkmen tk 1, 2, 3 we 4 1, 2, 3 ýa-da 4
Ukrainian uk 1, 2, 3 і 4 1, 2, 3 або 4
Upper Sorbian hsb 1, 2, 3 a 4 1, 2, 3 abo 4
Urdu ur ‏1، 2، 3، اور 4‎ ‏1، 2، 3، یا 4‎
Uzbek uz 1, 2, 3 va 4 1, 2, 3 yoki 4
Vietnamese vi 1, 2, 3 và 4 1, 2, 3 hoặc 4
Welsh cy 1, 2, 3 a 4 1, 2, 3 neu 4
Yoruba yo 1, 2, 3, 4 1 pẹ̀lú 2, 3, tabi 4
Yoruba (Benin) yo_BJ 1, 2, 3, 4 1 pɛ̀lú 2, 3, tabi 4

* The following English variants use an Oxford comma in addition to en_GB: en_AG, en_AI, en_AT, en_AU, en_BB, en_BE, en_BM, en_BS, en_BW, en_BZ, en_CA, en_CC, en_CH, en_CK, en_CM, en_CX, en_CY, en_DE, en_DG, en_DK, en_DM, en_ER, en_FI, en_FJ, en_FK, en_FM, en_GD, en_GG, en_GH, en_GI, en_GM, en_GY, en_HK, en_IE, en_IL, en_IM, en_IN, en_IO, en_JE, en_JM, en_KE, en_KI, en_KN, en_KY, en_LC, en_LR, en_LS, en_MG, en_MO, en_MS, en_MT, en_MU, en_MV, en_MW, en_MY, en_NA, en_NF, en_NG, en_NL, en_NR, en_NU, en_NZ, en_PG, en_PK, en_PN, en_PW, en_RW, en_SB, en_SC, en_SD, en_SE, en_SG, en_SH, en_SI, en_SL, en_SS, en_SX, en_SZ, en_TC, en_TK, en_TO, en_TT, en_TV, en_TZ, en_UG, en_VC, en_VG, en_VU, en_WS, en_ZA, en_ZM, and en_ZW.

Partially supported languages

Partially supported languages generally localize and() but not or().

Language Code and example
Bodo brx 1, 2, 3, आरो 4
Chakma ccp 1, 2, 3 𑄃𑄳𑄃 4
Colognian ksh 1, 2, 3 un 4
Dogri doi 1, 2, 3, ते 4
Dzongkha dz 1 དང་ 2 དང་ 3 དང་ 4
Ewe ee 1, 2, 3, kple 4
Friulian fur 1, 2, 3 e 4
Igbo ig 1, 2, 3, na 4
Kashmiri ks ‏1، 2، 3، تٕہ 4‎
Luxembourgish lb 1, 2, 3 a(n) 4
Maithili mai 1, 2, 3, और 4
Maltese mt 1, 2, 3, u 4
Manipuri mni 1, 2, 3 অমসুং 4
Ngomba jgo 1, ŋ́gɛ 2, ŋ́gɛ 3, ḿbɛn ŋ́gɛ 4
Northern Sami se 1, 2, 3 ja 4
Ossetic os 1, 2, 3 ӕмӕ 4
Pashto ps ‏1، 2، 3، او 4‎
Sanskrit sa 1, 2, 3, तथा 4
Sundanese su 1, 2, 3, sareng 4
Swiss German gsw 1, 2, 3 und 4
Tatar tt 1, 2, 3 һәм 4
Walser wae 1, 2, 3 und 4
Western Balochi bgn ‏1، 2، 3، و 4‎
Western Frisian fy 1, 2, 3 en 4
Yakut sah 1, 2, 3 уонна 4
Yiddish yi ‏1, 2, 3 און 4‎
Zulu zu 1, 2, 3, ne-4

Hex sticker image by Flavia Rossell Hayes.

Please note that and is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.

These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.
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