To cite TraMineR in publications please use:

For the package and state sequences:

Gabadinho A, Ritschard G, Müller N, Studer M (2011). “Analyzing and Visualizing State Sequences in R with TraMineR.” Journal of Statistical Software, 40(4), 1–37. doi:10.18637/jss.v040.i04.

For dissimilarity measures:

Studer M, Ritschard G (2016). “What matters in differences between life trajectories: a comparative review of sequence dissimilarity measures.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 179(2), 481–511. doi:10.1111/rssa.12125.

For multidomain/multichannel sequence analysis:

Ritschard G, Liao T, Struffolino E (2023). “Strategies for multidomain sequence analysis in social research.” Sociological Methodology, 53(2), 288-322. doi:10.1177/00811750231163833.

For discrepancy analysis:

Studer M, Ritschard G, Gabadinho A, Müller N (2011). “Discrepancy analysis of state sequences.” Sociological Methods and Research, 40(3), 471–510. doi:10.1177/0049124111415372.

Studer M, Ritschard G, Gabadinho A, Müller N (2010). “Discrepancy analysis of complex objects using dissimilarities.” In Guillet F, Ritschard G, Zighed DA, Briand H (eds.), Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Management, volume 292 series Studies in Computational Intelligence, 3-19. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-00580-0_1.

For representative sequences:

Gabadinho A, Ritschard G (2013). “Searching for typical life trajectories applied to child birth histories.” In Lévy R, Widmer E (eds.), Gendered life courses, 287-312. Vienna: LIT.

For longitudinal characteristics (complexity, badness, precarity, ...):

Ritschard G (2023). “Measuring the nature of individual sequences.” Sociological Methods and Research, 52(4), 2016-2049. doi:10.1177/00491241211036156, (First published online Sep 2021).

Gabadinho A, Ritschard G, Studer M, Müller N (2010). “Indice de complexité pour le tri et la comparaison de séquences catégorielles.” Revue des nouvelles technologies de l'information (RNTI), E-19, 61-66.

Ritschard G, Bussi M, O'Reilly J (2018). “An Index of Precarity for Measuring Early Employment Insecurity.” In Ritschard G, Studer M (eds.), Sequence Analysis and Related Approaches: Innovative Methods and Applications, volume 10 series Life Course Research and Social Policies, 279-295. Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95420-2_16.

For event sequences:

Ritschard G, Bürgin R, Studer M (2013). “Exploratory Mining of Life Event Histories.” In McArdle J, Ritschard G (eds.), Contemporary Issues in Exploratory Data Mining in the Behavioral Sciences, 221-253. New York: Routledge.

Bürgin R, Ritschard G (2014). “A decorated parallel coordinate plot for categorical longitudinal data.” The American Statistician, 68(2), 98-103. doi:10.1080/00031305.2014.887591.

See ‘citation()’ for citing R itself.

Corresponding BibTeX entries:

  @Article{,
    title = {Analyzing and Visualizing State Sequences in {R} with
      {TraMineR}},
    author = {Alexis Gabadinho and Gilbert Ritschard and Nicolas S.
      Müller and Matthias Studer},
    journal = {Journal of Statistical Software},
    year = {2011},
    volume = {40},
    number = {4},
    pages = {1--37},
    doi = {10.18637/jss.v040.i04},
  }

  @Article{,
    author = {Matthias Studer and Gilbert Ritschard},
    title = {What matters in differences between life trajectories: a
      comparative review of sequence dissimilarity measures},
    journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {179},
    number = {2},
    pages = {481--511},
    doi = {10.1111/rssa.12125},
  }

  @Article{,
    author = {Gilbert Ritschard and Tim F. Liao and Emanuela
      Struffolino},
    title = {Strategies for multidomain sequence analysis in social
      research},
    journal = {Sociological Methodology},
    year = {2023},
    volume = {53},
    number = {2},
    pages = {288-322},
    doi = {10.1177/00811750231163833},
  }

  @Article{,
    author = {Matthias Studer and Gilbert Ritschard and Alexis
      Gabadinho and Nicolas S. Müller},
    title = {Discrepancy analysis of state sequences},
    journal = {Sociological Methods and Research},
    year = {2011},
    volume = {40},
    number = {3},
    pages = {471--510},
    doi = {10.1177/0049124111415372},
  }

  @InCollection{,
    author = {Matthias Studer and Gilbert Ritschard and Alexis
      Gabadinho and Nicolas S. Müller},
    title = {Discrepancy analysis of complex objects using
      dissimilarities},
    booktitle = {Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Management},
    publisher = {Springer},
    year = {2010},
    editor = {Fabrice Guillet and Gilbert Ritschard and Djamel A.
      Zighed and Henri Briand},
    series = {Studies in Computational Intelligence},
    volume = {292},
    address = {Berlin},
    pages = {3-19},
    doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-00580-0_1},
  }

  @InCollection{,
    author = {Alexis Gabadinho and Gilbert Ritschard},
    title = {Searching for typical life trajectories applied to child
      birth histories},
    booktitle = {Gendered life courses},
    publisher = {Vienna: LIT},
    year = {2013},
    editor = {R. Lévy and E. Widmer},
    pages = {287-312},
  }

  @Article{,
    author = {Gilbert Ritschard},
    title = {Measuring the nature of individual sequences},
    journal = {Sociological Methods and Research},
    year = {2023},
    volume = {52},
    number = {4},
    pages = {2016-2049},
    doi = {10.1177/00491241211036156},
    note = {(First published online Sep 2021)},
  }

  @Article{,
    author = {Alexis Gabadinho and Gilbert Ritschard and Matthias
      Studer and Nicolas S. Müller},
    title = {Indice de complexité pour le tri et la comparaison de
      séquences catégorielles},
    booktitle = {Extraction et gestion des connaissances (EGC 2010)},
    journal = {Revue des nouvelles technologies de l'information
      (RNTI)},
    year = {2010},
    volume = {E-19},
    pages = {61-66},
  }

  @InCollection{,
    author = {Gilbert Ritschard and Marherita Bussi and Jacqueline
      O'Reilly},
    title = {An Index of Precarity for Measuring Early Employment
      Insecurity},
    booktitle = {Sequence Analysis and Related Approaches: Innovative
      Methods and Applications},
    publisher = {Springer},
    year = {2018},
    editor = {Gilbert Ritschard and Matthias Studer},
    series = {Life Course Research and Social Policies},
    address = {Cham},
    volume = {10},
    pages = {279-295},
    doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-95420-2_16},
  }

  @InCollection{,
    author = {Gilbert Ritschard and Reto Bürgin and Matthias Studer},
    title = {Exploratory Mining of Life Event Histories},
    booktitle = {Contemporary Issues in Exploratory Data Mining in the
      Behavioral Sciences},
    publisher = {New York: Routledge},
    year = {2013},
    editor = {J.J. McArdle and G. Ritschard},
    pages = {221-253},
  }

  @Article{,
    author = {Reto Bürgin and Gilbert Ritschard},
    title = {A decorated parallel coordinate plot for categorical
      longitudinal data},
    journal = {The American Statistician},
    year = {2014},
    volume = {68},
    pages = {98-103},
    number = {2},
    doi = {10.1080/00031305.2014.887591},
  }