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PSpower 2.0.0

This is a major revision with a fully rewritten codebase, new theoretical foundations, and substantially expanded functionality. The API is not backward-compatible with version 0.1.1.

New features

• power_ps() — sample size and power for the PS-weighted Hájek estimator with continuous or binary outcomes. Supports four estimands (ATE, ATT, ATC, ATO) via closed-form (ATE) or numerical integration (ATT, ATC, ATO, custom tilting functions). Accounts for the confounder coefficient ρ² and the Bhattacharyya overlap coefficient φ.

• power_cox() — sample size and power for the PS-weighted partial likelihood estimator in a Cox proportional hazards model with time-to-event outcomes. Supports randomized trials (robust sandwich variance or Schoenfeld formula) and observational studies (ATE via IPW; ATO and ATT via Monte Carlo design-effect adjustment).

• overlap_coef() — estimates the Bhattacharyya overlap coefficient φ from fitted propensity scores and a treatment indicator, or analytically from Beta distribution parameters.

• S3 print(), summary(), and plot() methods for both power_ps and power_cox result objects. Scalar inputs produce a formatted single-scenario summary; vector inputs produce a multi-scenario grid with a five-number distribution summary and a ggplot2-based sensitivity plot.

Theoretical basis

• Continuous/binary outcomes: Liu, Yang and Li (2026), Annals of Statistics, forthcoming.
• Survival outcomes: Yang, Liu and Li (2026), arXiv:2605.10088.

Changes from version 0.1.1

• The previous single PSpower() function has been replaced by power_ps() and power_cox(), covering a broader set of estimands and outcome types.
• Survival outcomes (time-to-event) are now supported.
• The overlap coefficient φ replaces the previous parameterization.
• The four WATE estimands (ATE, ATT, ATC, ATO) are all supported for continuous/binary outcomes; ATE, ATT, and ATO for survival.

These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.
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