<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:title>Longitudinal Bias Auditing for Sequential Decision Systems</dc:title>
  <dc:title>R package AIBias version 0.1.0</dc:title>
  <dc:description>Provides tools for detecting, quantifying, and visualizing
    algorithmic bias as a longitudinal process in repeated decision systems.
    Existing fairness metrics treat bias as a single-period snapshot; this
    package operationalizes the view that bias in sequential systems must be
    measured over time. Implements group-specific decision-rate trajectories,
    standardized disparity measures analogous to the standardized mean
    difference (Cohen, 1988, ISBN:0-8058-0283-5), cumulative bias burden,
    Markov-based transition disparity (recovery and retention gaps), and a
    dynamic amplification index that quantifies whether prior decisions
    compound current group inequality. The amplification framework extends
    longitudinal causal inference ideas from Robins (1986)
    &lt;doi:10.1016/0270-0255(86)90088-6&gt; and the sequential decision-process
    perspective in the fairness literature (see &lt;https://fairmlbook.org&gt;)
    to the audit setting. Covariate-adjusted trajectories are estimated via
    logistic regression, generalized additive models (Wood, 2017,
    &lt;doi:10.1201/9781315370279&gt;), or generalized linear mixed models
    (Bates, 2015, &lt;doi:10.18637/jss.v067.i01&gt;). Uncertainty quantification
    uses the cluster bootstrap (Cameron, 2008, &lt;doi:10.1162/rest.90.3.414&gt;).</dc:description>
  <dc:type>Software</dc:type>
  <dc:relation>Depends: R (&gt;= 4.1.0)</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>Imports: dplyr (&gt;= 1.1.0), tidyr (&gt;= 1.3.0), ggplot2 (&gt;= 3.4.0), rlang
(&gt;= 1.1.0), cli (&gt;= 3.6.0), purrr (&gt;= 1.0.0), tibble (&gt;= 3.2.0)</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>Suggests: mgcv, lme4, boot, knitr, rmarkdown, testthat (&gt;= 3.0.0)</dc:relation>
  <dc:creator>Subir Hait &lt;haitsubi@msu.edu&gt;</dc:creator>
  <dc:publisher>Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN)</dc:publisher>
  <dc:contributor>Subir Hait [aut, cre] (ORCID: &lt;https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9871-9677&gt;)</dc:contributor>
  <dc:rights>MIT + file LICENSE (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=AIBias/LICENSE)</dc:rights>
  <dc:date>2026-04-04</dc:date>
  <dc:format>application/tgz</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=AIBias</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.AIBias</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en-US</dc:language>
</oai_dc:dc>
