ACM 2012 Classification Codes

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ACM 2012 Classification Codes

The ACM Computing Classification System is a subject classification system for computer science devised by the Association for Computing Machinery. (See also Wikipedia.)

Id	Label	Narrower	Broader
#10002944	General and reference	Document types Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10002945	Surveys and overviews		Document types
#10002946	Reference works		Document types
#10002947	General conference proceedings		Document types
#10002948	Biographies		Document types
#10002949	General literature		Document types
#10002950	Mathematics of computing	Discrete mathematics Probability and statistics Mathematical software Information theory Mathematical analysis Continuous mathematics
#10002951	Information systems	Data management systems Information storage systems Information systems applications World Wide Web Information retrieval
#10002952	Data management systems	Database design and models Data structures Database management system engines Query languages Database administration Information integration Middleware for databases	Information systems
#10002953	Database design and models	Relational database model Entity relationship models Graph-based database models Physical data models Data model extensions	Data management systems
#10002955	Relational database model		Database design and models
#10002956	Hierarchical data models		Graph-based database models
#10002958	Semi-structured data		Data model extensions
#10002959	Entity relationship models		Database design and models
#10002971	Data structures	Data access methods Data layout	Data management systems
#10002974	Multidimensional range search		Data access methods
#10002975	Data compression		Data layout Data structures design and analysis
#10002976	Data encryption		Data layout
#10002978	Security and privacy	Cryptography Formal methods and theory of security Security services Intrusion/anomaly detection and malware mitigation Security in hardware Systems security Network security Database and storage security Software and application security Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
#10002979	Cryptography	Key management Public key (asymmetric) techniques Symmetric cryptography and hash functions Cryptanalysis and other attacks Information-theoretic techniques Mathematical foundations of cryptography	Security and privacy
#10002980	Key management		Cryptography
#10002981	Public key (asymmetric) techniques	Digital signatures Public key encryption	Cryptography
#10002982	Symmetric cryptography and hash functions	Block and stream ciphers Hash functions and message authentication codes	Cryptography
#10002983	Cryptanalysis and other attacks		Cryptography
#10002984	Information-theoretic techniques		Cryptography
#10002985	Mathematical foundations of cryptography		Cryptography
#10002986	Formal methods and theory of security	Trust frameworks Security requirements Formal security models Logic and verification	Security and privacy
#10002987	Trust frameworks		Formal methods and theory of security
#10002988	Security requirements		Formal methods and theory of security
#10002989	Formal security models		Formal methods and theory of security
#10002990	Logic and verification		Formal methods and theory of security Logic
#10002991	Security services	Authentication Access control Pseudonymity, anonymity and untraceability Privacy-preserving protocols Digital rights management Authorization	Security and privacy
#10002992	Authentication	Biometrics Graphical / visual passwords Multi-factor authentication	Security services
#10002993	Access control		Security services
#10002994	Pseudonymity, anonymity and untraceability		Security services
#10002995	Privacy-preserving protocols		Security services
#10002996	Digital rights management		Security services Intellectual property
#10002997	Intrusion/anomaly detection and malware mitigation	Malware and its mitigation Intrusion detection systems Social engineering attacks	Security and privacy
#10002998	Malware and its mitigation		Intrusion/anomaly detection and malware mitigation
#10002999	Intrusion detection systems		Intrusion/anomaly detection and malware mitigation
#10003000	Social engineering attacks	Spoofing attacks Phishing	Intrusion/anomaly detection and malware mitigation Computer crime
#10003001	Security in hardware	Tamper-proof and tamper-resistant designs Embedded systems security Hardware security implementation Hardware attacks and countermeasures Hardware reverse engineering	Security and privacy
#10003002	Tamper-proof and tamper-resistant designs		Security in hardware
#10003003	Embedded systems security		Security in hardware
#10003006	Systems security	Operating systems security Browser security Distributed systems security Information flow control Denial-of-service attacks Firewalls Vulnerability management File system security	Security and privacy
#10003007	Operating systems security	Mobile platform security Trusted computing Virtualization and security	Systems security
#10003008	Mobile platform security		Operating systems security
#10003009	Trusted computing		Operating systems security
#10003010	Virtualization and security		Operating systems security
#10003011	Browser security		Systems security
#10003013	Distributed systems security		Systems security
#10003014	Network security	Security protocols Web protocol security Mobile and wireless security Denial-of-service attacks Firewalls	Network properties Security and privacy
#10003015	Security protocols		Network security
#10003016	Web protocol security		Network security
#10003017	Mobile and wireless security		Network security
#10003018	Database and storage security	Data anonymization and sanitization Management and querying of encrypted data Information accountability and usage control Database activity monitoring	Security and privacy
#10003019	Data anonymization and sanitization		Database and storage security
#10003020	Management and querying of encrypted data		Database and storage security
#10003021	Information accountability and usage control		Database and storage security
#10003022	Software and application security	Software security engineering Web application security Social network security and privacy Domain-specific security and privacy architectures Software reverse engineering	Security and privacy
#10003023	Software security engineering		Software and application security
#10003026	Web application security		Software and application security
#10003027	Social network security and privacy		Software and application security
#10003028	Domain-specific security and privacy architectures		Software and application security
#10003029	Human and societal aspects of security and privacy	Economics of security and privacy Social aspects of security and privacy Privacy protections Usability in security and privacy	Security and privacy
#10003031	Economics of security and privacy		Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
#10003032	Social aspects of security and privacy		Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
#10003033	Networks	Network architectures Network protocols Network components Network algorithms Network performance evaluation Network properties Network services Network types
#10003034	Network architectures	Network design principles Programming interfaces	Networks
#10003035	Network design principles	Layering Naming and addressing	Network architectures
#10003036	Layering		Network design principles
#10003037	Naming and addressing		Network design principles Network services
#10003038	Programming interfaces		Network architectures
#10003039	Network protocols	Network protocol design Protocol correctness Link-layer protocols Network layer protocols Transport protocols Session protocols Presentation protocols Application layer protocols OAM protocols Cross-layer protocols Network File System (NFS) protocol	Networks
#10003040	Network protocol design		Network protocols
#10003041	Protocol correctness	Protocol testing and verification Formal specifications	Network protocols
#10003042	Protocol testing and verification		Protocol correctness
#10003043	Formal specifications		Protocol correctness
#10003044	Link-layer protocols		Network protocols
#10003045	Network layer protocols	Routing protocols Signaling protocols	Network protocols
#10003046	Routing protocols		Network layer protocols
#10003047	Signaling protocols		Network layer protocols
#10003048	Transport protocols		Network protocols
#10003049	Session protocols		Network protocols
#10003050	Presentation protocols		Network protocols
#10003051	Application layer protocols	Peer-to-peer protocols	Network protocols
#10003052	Peer-to-peer protocols		Application layer protocols
#10003053	OAM protocols	Time synchronization protocols Network policy	Network protocols
#10003054	Time synchronization protocols		OAM protocols
#10003055	Network policy		OAM protocols
#10003056	Cross-layer protocols		Network protocols
#10003058	Network components	Intermediate nodes Physical links Middle boxes / network appliances End nodes Wireless access points, base stations and infrastructure Logical nodes	Networks
#10003059	Intermediate nodes	Routers Bridges and switches	Network components
#10003060	Routers		Intermediate nodes
#10003061	Bridges and switches		Intermediate nodes
#10003062	Physical links	Repeaters	Network components
#10003063	Middle boxes / network appliances		Network components
#10003064	End nodes	Network adapters Network servers	Network components
#10003065	Wireless access points, base stations and infrastructure	Cognitive radios	Network components
#10003066	Logical nodes	Network domains	Network components
#10003067	Network domains		Logical nodes
#10003068	Network algorithms	Data path algorithms Control path algorithms Network economics	Networks
#10003069	Data path algorithms	Packet classification Deep packet inspection Packet scheduling	Network algorithms
#10003070	Packet classification		Data path algorithms
#10003071	Deep packet inspection		Data path algorithms
#10003072	Packet scheduling		Data path algorithms
#10003073	Control path algorithms	Network resources allocation Network control algorithms Traffic engineering algorithms Network design and planning algorithms	Network algorithms
#10003074	Network resources allocation		Control path algorithms
#10003075	Network control algorithms		Control path algorithms
#10003076	Traffic engineering algorithms		Control path algorithms
#10003077	Network design and planning algorithms		Control path algorithms
#10003078	Network economics		Network algorithms
#10003079	Network performance evaluation	Network performance modeling Network simulations Network experimentation Network performance analysis Network measurement	Networks
#10003080	Network performance modeling		Network performance evaluation
#10003081	Network simulations		Network performance evaluation
#10003082	Network experimentation		Network performance evaluation
#10003083	Network properties	Network security Network range Network structure Network dynamics Network reliability Network mobility Network manageability Network privacy and anonymity	Networks
#10003084	Network range	Short-range networks Local area networks Metropolitan area networks Wide area networks Very long-range networks	Network properties
#10003085	Short-range networks		Network range
#10003086	Local area networks		Network range
#10003087	Metropolitan area networks		Network range
#10003088	Wide area networks		Network range
#10003089	Very long-range networks		Network range
#10003090	Network structure	Topology analysis and generation Physical topologies Logical / virtual topologies Network topology types	Network properties
#10003091	Topology analysis and generation		Network structure
#10003092	Physical topologies		Network structure
#10003093	Logical / virtual topologies		Network structure
#10003094	Network dynamics		Network properties
#10003095	Network reliability	Error detection and error correction	Network properties
#10003097	Network mobility		Network properties
#10003098	Network manageability		Network properties
#10003099	Network services	Naming and addressing Cloud computing Location based services Programmable networks In-network processing Network management Network monitoring	Networks
#10003100	Cloud computing		Network services Distributed architectures Distributed systems organizing principles
#10003101	Location based services		Network services Spatial-temporal systems
#10003102	Programmable networks		Network services
#10003103	In-network processing		Network services
#10003104	Network management		Network services
#10003105	Network monitoring		Network services
#10003106	Network types	Network on chip Home networks Storage area networks Data center networks Wired access networks Cyber-physical networks Mobile networks Overlay and other logical network structures Wireless access networks Ad hoc networks Public Internet Packet-switching networks	Networks
#10003107	Network on chip		Network types Design reuse and communication-based design
#10003108	Home networks		Network types
#10003109	Storage area networks		Network types Storage network architectures
#10003110	Data center networks		Network types
#10003111	Wired access networks		Network types
#10003112	Cyber-physical networks	Sensor networks	Network types
#10003113	Mobile networks		Network types
#10003114	Overlay and other logical network structures	Peer-to-peer networks World Wide Web (network structure) Social media networks Online social networks	Network types
#10003115	Peer-to-peer networks		Overlay and other logical network structures
#10003116	World Wide Web (network structure)		Overlay and other logical network structures
#10003118	Social media networks		Overlay and other logical network structures
#10003119	Wireless access networks	Wireless local area networks Wireless personal area networks	Network types
#10003120	Human-centered computing	Human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction design Collaborative and social computing Ubiquitous and mobile computing Visualization Accessibility
#10003121	Human computer interaction (HCI)	HCI design and evaluation methods Interaction paradigms Interaction devices HCI theory, concepts and models Interaction techniques Interactive systems and tools Empirical studies in HCI	Human-centered computing
#10003122	HCI design and evaluation methods	User models User studies Usability testing Heuristic evaluations Walkthrough evaluations Laboratory experiments Field studies	Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10003123	Interaction design	Interaction design process and methods Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms Empirical studies in interaction design Systems and tools for interaction design	Human-centered computing
#10003124	Interaction paradigms	Hypertext / hypermedia Mixed / augmented reality Command line interfaces Graphical user interfaces Virtual reality Web-based interaction Natural language interfaces Collaborative interaction	Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10003125	Interaction devices	Graphics input devices Displays and imagers Sound-based input / output Keyboards Pointing devices Touch screens Haptic devices	Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10003126	HCI theory, concepts and models		Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10003128	Interaction techniques	Auditory feedback Text input Pointing Gestural input	Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10003129	Interactive systems and tools	User interface management systems User interface programming User interface toolkits	Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10003130	Collaborative and social computing	Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms Collaborative and social computing design and evaluation methods Collaborative and social computing systems and tools Empirical studies in collaborative and social computing Collaborative and social computing devices	Human-centered computing
#10003131	Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms	Social content sharing Collaborative content creation Collaborative filtering Social recommendation Social networks Social tagging Computer supported cooperative work Social engineering (social sciences) Social navigation Social media	Collaborative and social computing
#10003134	Collaborative and social computing design and evaluation methods	Social network analysis Ethnographic studies	Collaborative and social computing
#10003138	Ubiquitous and mobile computing	Ubiquitous and mobile computing theory, concepts and paradigms Ubiquitous and mobile computing systems and tools Ubiquitous and mobile devices Ubiquitous and mobile computing design and evaluation methods Empirical studies in ubiquitous and mobile computing	Human-centered computing
#10003139	Ubiquitous and mobile computing theory, concepts and paradigms	Ubiquitous computing Mobile computing Ambient intelligence	Ubiquitous and mobile computing
#10003140	Ubiquitous and mobile computing systems and tools		Ubiquitous and mobile computing
#10003141	Ubiquitous and mobile devices	Smartphones Interactive whiteboards Mobile phones Mobile devices Portable media players Personal digital assistants Handheld game consoles E-book readers Tablet computers	Ubiquitous and mobile computing
#10003142	Ubiquitous and mobile computing design and evaluation methods		Ubiquitous and mobile computing
#10003145	Visualization	Visualization techniques Visualization application domains Visualization systems and tools Visualization theory, concepts and paradigms Empirical studies in visualization Visualization design and evaluation methods	Human-centered computing
#10003146	Visualization techniques	Treemaps Hyperbolic trees Heat maps Graph drawings Dendrograms Cladograms	Visualization
#10003147	Visualization application domains	Scientific visualization Visual analytics Geographic visualization Information visualization	Visualization
#10003151	Visualization systems and tools	Visualization toolkits	Visualization
#10003152	Information storage systems	Information storage technologies Record storage systems Storage replication Storage architectures Storage management	Information systems
#10003153	Information storage technologies	Magnetic disks Magnetic tapes Optical / magneto-optical disks Storage class memory Disk arrays Tape libraries	Information storage systems
#10003155	Magnetic disks		Information storage technologies
#10003156	Magnetic tapes		Information storage technologies
#10003157	Optical / magneto-optical disks		Information storage technologies
#10003158	Storage class memory	Flash memory Phase change memory	Information storage technologies
#10003159	Disk arrays		Information storage technologies
#10003160	Tape libraries		Information storage technologies
#10003161	Record storage systems	Record storage alternatives Directory structures Block / page strategies Record layout alternatives Relational storage	Information storage systems
#10003162	Record storage alternatives	Heap (data structure) Hashed file organization Indexed file organization Linked lists	Record storage systems
#10003163	Directory structures	B-trees Vnodes Inodes Extent-based file structures	Record storage systems
#10003164	Block / page strategies	Slotted pages Intrapage space management Interpage free-space management	Record storage systems
#10003165	Record layout alternatives	Fixed length attributes Variable length attributes Null values in records	Record storage systems
#10003166	Storage replication	Mirroring RAID Point-in-time copies Remote replication Storage recovery strategies	Information storage systems
#10003167	Mirroring		Storage replication
#10003168	RAID		Storage replication
#10003171	Point-in-time copies		Storage replication
#10003172	Remote replication		Storage replication
#10003174	Direct attached storage		Storage network architectures
#10003175	Network attached storage		Storage network architectures
#10003176	Cloud based storage		Storage architectures
#10003180	Hierarchical storage management		Storage management
#10003181	Storage virtualization		Storage management
#10003182	Information lifecycle management		Storage management
#10003183	Deduplication		Information integration
#10003184	Version management		Storage management
#10003185	Storage power management		Storage management
#10003186	Thin provisioning		Storage management
#10003189	Record and block layout		Data layout
#10003190	Database management system engines	DBMS engine architectures Database query processing Database transaction processing Record and buffer management Parallel and distributed DBMSs Triggers and rules Database views Integrity checking Distributed database transactions Main memory engines Online analytical processing engines Stream management	Data management systems
#10003191	DBMS engine architectures		Database management system engines
#10003192	Database query processing	Query optimization Query operators Query planning Join algorithms	Database management system engines
#10003193	Database transaction processing	Data locking Transaction logging Database recovery	Database management system engines
#10003194	Record and buffer management		Database management system engines
#10003195	Parallel and distributed DBMSs	Key-value stores MapReduce-based systems Relational parallel and distributed DBMSs	Database management system engines
#10003197	Query languages	Relational database query languages XML query languages Query languages for non-relational engines Call level interfaces	Data management systems
#10003201	Triggers and rules		Database management system engines
#10003202	Abstract data types		Language features
#10003205	Database views		Database management system engines
#10003206	Integrity checking		Database management system engines
#10003208	Data streams		Data model extensions
#10003210	Query optimization		Database query processing
#10003212	Database administration	Database utilities and tools Database performance evaluation Autonomous database administration Data dictionaries	Data management systems
#10003213	Database utilities and tools		Database administration
#10003214	Database performance evaluation		Database administration
#10003215	Extraction, transformation and loading		Information integration
#10003216	Autonomous database administration		Database administration
#10003217	Data exchange		Information integration Database theory
#10003218	Data cleaning		Data mining Information integration
#10003219	Information integration	Deduplication Extraction, transformation and loading Data exchange Data cleaning Wrappers (data mining) Mediators and data integration Entity resolution Data warehouses Federated databases	Data management systems
#10003221	Wrappers (data mining)		Information integration
#10003222	Mediators and data integration		Information integration
#10003223	Entity resolution		Information integration
#10003224	Data dictionaries		Database administration
#10003227	Information systems applications	Enterprise information systems Collaborative and social computing systems and tools Spatial-temporal systems Decision support systems Mobile information processing systems Process control systems Multimedia information systems Data mining Digital libraries and archives Computational advertising Computing platforms	Information systems
#10003228	Enterprise information systems	Intranets Extranets Enterprise resource planning Enterprise applications Data centers	Information systems applications Enterprise computing
#10003229	Intranets		Enterprise information systems
#10003230	Extranets		Enterprise information systems
#10003232	Enterprise resource planning		Enterprise information systems
#10003233	Collaborative and social computing systems and tools	Blogs Wikis Reputation systems Open source software Social networking sites Social tagging systems Synchronous editors Asynchronous editors	Information systems applications Collaborative and social computing
#10003234	Social content sharing		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10003235	Collaborative content creation		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10003236	Spatial-temporal systems	Location based services Geographic information systems Sensor networks Data streaming Global positioning systems	Information systems applications
#10003237	Geographic information systems		Spatial-temporal systems
#10003238	Sensor networks		Spatial-temporal systems Cyber-physical networks Embedded and cyber-physical systems
#10003239	Data streaming		Spatial-temporal systems
#10003241	Decision support systems	Data warehouses Expert systems Data analytics Online analytical processing	Information systems applications
#10003242	Data warehouses		Decision support systems Information integration
#10003243	Expert systems		Decision support systems
#10003244	Data analytics		Decision support systems
#10003245	Mobile information processing systems		Information systems applications
#10003246	Process control systems		Information systems applications
#10003247	Signal processing systems	Digital signal processing Beamforming Noise reduction	Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10003248	Digital signal processing		Signal processing systems
#10003249	Beamforming		Signal processing systems
#10003250	Noise reduction		Signal processing systems
#10003251	Multimedia information systems	Multimedia databases Multimedia streaming Multimedia content creation Massively multiplayer online games	Information systems applications
#10003253	Multimedia databases		Multimedia information systems
#10003254	Hypertext / hypermedia		Interaction paradigms
#10003255	Multimedia streaming		Multimedia information systems
#10003256	Multimedia content creation		Multimedia information systems
#10003258	Massively multiplayer online games		Multimedia information systems
#10003259	Supply chain management		Industry and manufacturing
#10003260	World Wide Web	Web searching and information discovery Online advertising Web mining Web applications Web interfaces Web services Web data description languages	Information systems
#10003261	Web searching and information discovery	Web search engines Content ranking Collaborative filtering Social recommendation Personalization Social tagging	World Wide Web
#10003262	Web crawling		Web search engines
#10003263	Web search engines	Web crawling Web indexing Page and site ranking Spam detection	Web searching and information discovery
#10003264	Web indexing		Web search engines
#10003265	Page and site ranking		Web search engines
#10003266	Spam detection		Web search engines
#10003267	Content ranking		Web searching and information discovery
#10003268	Ranking		Supervised learning
#10003269	Collaborative filtering		Web searching and information discovery Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms Data mining
#10003270	Social recommendation		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms Web searching and information discovery
#10003271	Personalization		Web searching and information discovery Users and interactive retrieval
#10003272	Online advertising	Sponsored search advertising Content match advertising Display advertising Social advertising	World Wide Web
#10003273	Sponsored search advertising		Online advertising
#10003274	Content match advertising		Online advertising
#10003275	Display advertising		Online advertising
#10003276	Social advertising		Online advertising
#10003277	Web mining	Site wrapping Data extraction and integration Web log analysis Traffic analysis	World Wide Web
#10003278	Site wrapping		Web mining
#10003279	Data extraction and integration	Deep web Surfacing Search results deduplication	Web mining
#10003280	Web log analysis		Web mining
#10003281	Traffic analysis		Web mining
#10003282	Web applications	Internet communications tools Social networks Crowdsourcing Electronic commerce	World Wide Web
#10003286	Internet communications tools	Email Blogs Texting Chat Web conferencing	Web applications
#10003287	Email		Internet communications tools
#10003288	Blogs		Internet communications tools Collaborative and social computing systems and tools
#10003289	Texting		Internet communications tools
#10003290	Chat		Internet communications tools
#10003291	Web conferencing		Internet communications tools
#10003292	Social networks		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms Web applications Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10003293	Social network analysis		Collaborative and social computing design and evaluation methods
#10003296	Crowdsourcing	Answer ranking Trust Incentive schemes Reputation systems	Web applications
#10003297	Answer ranking		Crowdsourcing
#10003298	Trust		Crowdsourcing
#10003299	Incentive schemes		Crowdsourcing
#10003300	Web interfaces	Wikis Browsers Mashups	World Wide Web
#10003301	Wikis		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools Web interfaces
#10003302	Browsers		Web interfaces
#10003303	Mashups		Web interfaces
#10003304	Web services	Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) RESTful web services Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI) Service discovery and interfaces	World Wide Web
#10003305	Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)		Web services
#10003306	RESTful web services		Web services
#10003307	Web Services Description Language (WSDL)		Web services
#10003308	Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI)		Web services
#10003309	Web data description languages	Semantic web description languages Markup languages	World Wide Web
#10003310	Extensible Markup Language (XML)		Markup languages
#10003312	XPath		XML query languages
#10003313	XQuery		XML query languages
#10003314	Resource Description Framework (RDF)		Semantic web description languages
#10003315	Semantic web description languages	Resource Description Framework (RDF) Web Ontology Language (OWL)	Web data description languages
#10003316	Web Ontology Language (OWL)		Semantic web description languages
#10003317	Information retrieval	Document representation Information retrieval query processing Users and interactive retrieval Retrieval models and ranking Retrieval tasks and goals Evaluation of retrieval results Search engine architectures and scalability Specialized information retrieval	Information systems
#10003318	Document representation	Document structure Document topic models Content analysis and feature selection Data encoding and canonicalization Document collection models Ontologies Dictionaries Thesauri	Information retrieval
#10003319	Document structure		Document representation
#10003320	Document topic models		Document representation
#10003321	Content analysis and feature selection		Document representation
#10003323	Data encoding and canonicalization		Document representation
#10003324	Document collection models		Document representation
#10003325	Information retrieval query processing	Query representation Query intent Query log analysis Query suggestion Query reformulation	Information retrieval
#10003326	Query representation		Information retrieval query processing
#10003327	Query intent		Information retrieval query processing
#10003328	Query log analysis		Information retrieval query processing
#10003329	Query suggestion		Information retrieval query processing
#10003330	Query reformulation		Information retrieval query processing
#10003331	Users and interactive retrieval	Personalization Task models Search interfaces Collaborative search	Information retrieval
#10003332	User models		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10003333	Task models		Users and interactive retrieval
#10003334	User studies		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10003336	Search interfaces		Users and interactive retrieval
#10003337	Collaborative search		Users and interactive retrieval
#10003338	Retrieval models and ranking	Rank aggregation Probabilistic retrieval models Language models Similarity measures Learning to rank Combination, fusion and federated search Information retrieval diversity Top-k retrieval in databases Novelty in information retrieval	Information retrieval
#10003339	Rank aggregation		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003340	Probabilistic retrieval models		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003341	Language models		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003342	Similarity measures		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003343	Learning to rank		Retrieval models and ranking Supervised learning
#10003344	Combination, fusion and federated search		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003345	Information retrieval diversity		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003346	Top-k retrieval in databases		Retrieval models and ranking
#10003347	Retrieval tasks and goals	Question answering Document filtering Recommender systems Information extraction Sentiment analysis Expert search Near-duplicate and plagiarism detection Clustering and classification Summarization Business intelligence	Information retrieval
#10003348	Question answering		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003349	Document filtering		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003350	Recommender systems		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003351	Data mining	Data cleaning Collaborative filtering Association rules Clustering Nearest-neighbor search Data stream mining	Information systems applications
#10003352	Information extraction		Retrieval tasks and goals Natural language processing
#10003353	Sentiment analysis		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003354	Expert search		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003355	Near-duplicate and plagiarism detection		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003356	Clustering and classification		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003357	Summarization		Retrieval tasks and goals
#10003359	Evaluation of retrieval results	Test collections Relevance assessment Retrieval effectiveness Retrieval efficiency Presentation of retrieval results	Information retrieval
#10003360	Test collections		Evaluation of retrieval results
#10003361	Relevance assessment		Evaluation of retrieval results
#10003362	Retrieval effectiveness		Evaluation of retrieval results
#10003363	Retrieval efficiency		Evaluation of retrieval results
#10003365	Search engine architectures and scalability	Search engine indexing Search index compression Distributed retrieval Peer-to-peer retrieval Retrieval on mobile devices Adversarial retrieval Link and co-citation analysis Searching with auxiliary databases	Information retrieval
#10003366	Search engine indexing		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10003367	Search index compression		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10003368	Distributed retrieval		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10003369	Peer-to-peer retrieval		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10003370	Retrieval on mobile devices		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10003371	Specialized information retrieval	Structure and multilingual text search Multimedia and multimodal retrieval Environment-specific retrieval	Information retrieval
#10003376	Social tagging		Web searching and information discovery Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10003381	Structure and multilingual text search	Structured text search Mathematics retrieval Chemical and biochemical retrieval Multilingual and cross-lingual retrieval	Specialized information retrieval
#10003382	Structured text search		Structure and multilingual text search
#10003383	Mathematics retrieval		Structure and multilingual text search
#10003384	Chemical and biochemical retrieval		Structure and multilingual text search
#10003385	Multilingual and cross-lingual retrieval		Structure and multilingual text search
#10003386	Multimedia and multimodal retrieval	Image search Video search Speech / audio search Music retrieval	Specialized information retrieval
#10003387	Image search		Multimedia and multimodal retrieval
#10003388	Video search		Multimedia and multimodal retrieval
#10003389	Speech / audio search		Multimedia and multimodal retrieval
#10003390	Music retrieval		Multimedia and multimodal retrieval
#10003392	Digital libraries and archives		Information systems applications Education Computers in other domains
#10003393	Enterprise search		Environment-specific retrieval
#10003394	Desktop search		Environment-specific retrieval
#10003398	Query operators		Database query processing
#10003399	Federated databases		Information integration
#10003400	Middleware for databases	Database web servers Application servers Object-relational mapping facilities Data federation tools Data replication tools Distributed transaction monitors Message queues Service buses Enterprise application integration tools Middleware business process managers	Data management systems
#10003401	Database web servers		Middleware for databases
#10003402	Application servers		Middleware for databases
#10003403	Object-relational mapping facilities		Middleware for databases
#10003405	Data federation tools		Middleware for databases
#10003406	Data replication tools		Middleware for databases
#10003407	Distributed transaction monitors		Middleware for databases
#10003408	Message queues		Middleware for databases
#10003409	Service buses		Middleware for databases
#10003410	Enterprise application integration tools		Middleware for databases
#10003411	Heap (data structure)		Record storage alternatives
#10003412	Hashed file organization		Record storage alternatives
#10003413	Indexed file organization		Record storage alternatives
#10003414	Linked lists		Record storage alternatives
#10003415	B-trees		Directory structures
#10003416	Vnodes		Directory structures
#10003417	Inodes		Directory structures
#10003418	Extent-based file structures		Directory structures
#10003419	Slotted pages		Block / page strategies
#10003420	Intrapage space management		Block / page strategies
#10003421	Interpage free-space management		Block / page strategies
#10003422	Fixed length attributes		Record layout alternatives
#10003423	Variable length attributes		Record layout alternatives
#10003424	Null values in records		Record layout alternatives
#10003425	Query planning		Database query processing
#10003426	Join algorithms		Database query processing
#10003427	Data locking		Database transaction processing
#10003428	Transaction logging		Database transaction processing
#10003429	Database recovery		Database transaction processing
#10003434	Relational storage	Horizontal partitioning Vertical partitioning Column based storage Hybrid storage layouts Compression strategies	Record storage systems
#10003435	Horizontal partitioning		Relational storage
#10003436	Vertical partitioning		Relational storage
#10003437	Column based storage		Relational storage
#10003438	Hybrid storage layouts		Relational storage
#10003439	Compression strategies		Relational storage
#10003442	Enterprise applications		Enterprise information systems
#10003443	Association rules		Data mining
#10003444	Clustering		Data mining
#10003445	Nearest-neighbor search		Data mining
#10003446	Data stream mining		Data mining
#10003447	Computational advertising		Information systems applications
#10003449	Reputation systems		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools Crowdsourcing
#10003450	Data access methods	Multidimensional range search Data scans Point lookups Unidimensional range search Proximity search	Data structures
#10003451	Data layout	Data compression Data encryption Record and block layout	Data structures
#10003452	Flash memory		Storage class memory
#10003453	Phase change memory		Storage class memory
#10003456	Social and professional topics	Professional topics Computing / technology policy User characteristics
#10003457	Professional topics	Computing industry Management of computing and information systems History of computing Computing education Computing and business Computing profession	Social and professional topics
#10003458	Computing industry	Industry statistics Computer manufacturing Sustainability	Professional topics
#10003459	Computing standards, RFCs and guidelines		Document types
#10003460	Industry statistics		Computing industry
#10003461	Computer manufacturing		Computing industry
#10003462	Computing / technology policy	Intellectual property Privacy policies Censorship Surveillance Commerce policy Network access control Computer crime Government technology policy Medical information policy	Social and professional topics
#10003463	Intellectual property	Digital rights management Copyrights Software reverse engineering Patents Trademarks Internet governance / domain names Licensing Treaties Database protection laws Secondary liability Soft intellectual property Hardware reverse engineering	Computing / technology policy
#10003464	Copyrights		Intellectual property
#10003465	Software reverse engineering		Intellectual property Software and application security Software post-development issues
#10003466	Patents		Intellectual property
#10003467	Trademarks		Intellectual property
#10003469	Internet governance / domain names		Intellectual property
#10003470	Licensing		Intellectual property
#10003471	Treaties		Intellectual property
#10003472	Database protection laws		Intellectual property
#10003473	Secondary liability		Intellectual property
#10003475	Identity theft		Computer crime
#10003477	Privacy policies		Computing / technology policy
#10003479	Biometrics		Authentication Computer vision tasks
#10003480	Censorship	Pornography Hate speech Political speech Technology and censorship Censoring filters	Computing / technology policy
#10003481	Pornography		Censorship
#10003482	Hate speech		Censorship
#10003483	Political speech		Censorship
#10003484	Technology and censorship		Censorship
#10003486	Censoring filters		Censorship Network access control
#10003487	Surveillance	Governmental surveillance Corporate surveillance	Computing / technology policy
#10003488	Governmental surveillance		Surveillance
#10003489	Corporate surveillance		Surveillance
#10003490	Management of computing and information systems	Project and people management Implementation management Software management System management Network operations File systems management Information system economics	Professional topics
#10003491	Project and people management	Project management techniques Project staffing Systems planning Systems analysis and design Systems development Computer and information systems training	Management of computing and information systems
#10003492	Project management techniques		Project and people management
#10003493	Project staffing		Project and people management
#10003494	Systems planning		Project and people management
#10003495	Systems analysis and design		Project and people management
#10003496	Systems development		Project and people management
#10003497	Computer and information systems training		Project and people management
#10003498	Implementation management	Hardware selection Computing equipment management Pricing and resource allocation	Management of computing and information systems
#10003499	Hardware selection		Implementation management
#10003500	Computing equipment management		Implementation management
#10003502	Pricing and resource allocation		Implementation management
#10003503	Software management	Software maintenance Software selection and adaptation	Management of computing and information systems
#10003505	Software maintenance		Software management
#10003506	Software selection and adaptation		Software management
#10003507	System management	Centralization / decentralization Technology audits Quality assurance	Management of computing and information systems
#10003508	Centralization / decentralization		System management
#10003509	Technology audits		System management
#10003510	Quality assurance		System management
#10003511	Network operations		Management of computing and information systems
#10003512	File systems management		Management of computing and information systems Operating systems
#10003514	Information system economics		Management of computing and information systems
#10003516	Storage recovery strategies		Storage replication
#10003517	Storage architectures	Cloud based storage Storage network architectures Distributed storage	Information storage systems
#10003518	Storage network architectures	Storage area networks Direct attached storage Network attached storage	Storage architectures
#10003519	Distributed storage		Storage architectures
#10003520	Storage management	Hierarchical storage management Storage virtualization Information lifecycle management Version management Storage power management Thin provisioning	Information storage systems
#10003521	History of computing	Historical people History of hardware History of software History of programming languages History of computing theory	Professional topics
#10003522	Historical people		History of computing
#10003523	History of hardware		History of computing
#10003524	History of software		History of computing
#10003525	History of programming languages		History of computing
#10003526	History of computing theory		History of computing
#10003527	Computing education	Computational thinking Accreditation Model curricula Computing education programs Informal education Computing literacy Student assessment K-12 education Adult education	Professional topics
#10003528	Computational thinking		Computing education
#10003529	Accreditation		Computing education
#10003530	Model curricula		Computing education
#10003531	Computing education programs	Information systems education Computer science education Computer engineering education Information technology education Information science education Computational science and engineering education Software engineering education	Computing education
#10003532	Information systems education		Computing education programs
#10003533	Computer science education	CS1	Computing education programs
#10003534	Computer engineering education		Computing education programs
#10003535	Information technology education		Computing education programs
#10003536	Information science education		Computing education programs
#10003537	Computational science and engineering education		Computing education programs
#10003538	Informal education		Computing education
#10003539	Computing literacy		Computing education
#10003540	Student assessment		Computing education
#10003541	K-12 education		Computing education
#10003542	Adult education		Computing education
#10003543	Codes of ethics		Computing profession
#10003544	Commerce policy	Taxation Transborder data flow Antitrust and competition Governmental regulations Online auctions policy Consumer products policy	Computing / technology policy
#10003545	Taxation		Commerce policy
#10003548	Transborder data flow		Commerce policy
#10003549	Antitrust and competition		Commerce policy
#10003550	Electronic commerce	Digital cash E-commerce infrastructure Electronic data interchange Electronic funds transfer Online shopping Online banking Secure online transactions Online auctions	Web applications Applied computing
#10003551	Digital cash		Electronic commerce
#10003552	E-commerce infrastructure		Electronic commerce Contextual software domains
#10003553	Electronic data interchange		Electronic commerce
#10003554	Electronic funds transfer		Electronic commerce
#10003555	Online shopping		Electronic commerce
#10003556	Online banking		Electronic commerce
#10003557	Secure online transactions		Electronic commerce
#10003558	Consumer products		Operations research
#10003559	Open source model		Collaboration in software development
#10003560	Broadband access		Network access control
#10003561	Network access control	Censoring filters Broadband access Net neutrality Network access restrictions Universal access	Computing / technology policy
#10003562	Net neutrality		Network access control
#10003563	Network access restrictions	Age-based restrictions Acceptable use policy restrictions	Network access control
#10003564	Age-based restrictions		Network access restrictions
#10003565	Acceptable use policy restrictions		Network access restrictions
#10003566	Universal access		Network access control
#10003567	Computing and business	Employment issues Automation Computer supported cooperative work Economic impact Offshoring Reengineering Socio-technical systems	Professional topics
#10003568	Employment issues		Computing and business Computing profession
#10003569	Automation		Computing and business
#10003570	Computer supported cooperative work		Computing and business Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10003571	Economic impact		Computing and business
#10003572	Offshoring		Computing and business
#10003573	Reengineering		Computing and business
#10003574	Computer crime	Social engineering attacks Identity theft Financial crime Malware / spyware crime	Computing / technology policy
#10003575	Financial crime		Computer crime
#10003578	Malware / spyware crime		Computer crime
#10003579	Social engineering (social sciences)		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10003580	Computing profession	Codes of ethics Employment issues Funding Computing occupations Computing organizations Testing, certification and licensing Assistive technologies	Professional topics
#10003581	Funding		Computing profession
#10003583	Computing occupations		Computing profession
#10003584	Computing organizations		Computing profession
#10003585	Testing, certification and licensing		Computing profession
#10003587	Assistive technologies		Computing profession
#10003588	Government technology policy	Governmental regulations Import / export controls	Computing / technology policy
#10003589	Governmental regulations		Government technology policy Commerce policy
#10003590	Voting / election technologies		Computing in government
#10003592	Import / export controls		Government technology policy
#10003596	Online auctions		Electronic commerce
#10003597	Open source software		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools
#10003599	Hardware security implementation	Hardware-based security protocols	Security in hardware
#10003600	Cyberwarfare		Military
#10003602	Medical information policy	Medical records Personal health records Genetic information Patient privacy Health information exchanges Medical technologies	Computing / technology policy
#10003603	Medical records		Medical information policy
#10003604	Personal health records		Medical information policy
#10003605	Genetic information		Medical information policy
#10003606	Patient privacy		Medical information policy
#10003607	Health information exchanges		Medical information policy
#10003608	Medical technologies	Remote medicine	Medical information policy
#10003609	Remote medicine		Medical technologies
#10003611	Race and ethnicity		User characteristics
#10003612	Religious orientation		User characteristics
#10003613	Gender	Men Women	User characteristics
#10003614	Sexual orientation		User characteristics
#10003616	People with disabilities		User characteristics
#10003618	Geographic characteristics		User characteristics
#10003619	Cultural characteristics		User characteristics
#10003623	Data provenance		Data model extensions Database theory
#10003624	Discrete mathematics	Combinatorics Graph theory	Mathematics of computing
#10003625	Combinatorics	Combinatoric problems Permutations and combinations Combinatorial algorithms Generating functions Combinatorial optimization Combinatorics on words Enumeration	Discrete mathematics
#10003626	Combinatoric problems		Combinatorics
#10003627	Permutations and combinations		Combinatorics
#10003628	Combinatorial algorithms		Combinatorics Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10003629	Generating functions		Combinatorics
#10003630	Combinatorial optimization		Combinatorics
#10003631	Combinatorics on words		Combinatorics
#10003632	Enumeration		Combinatorics
#10003633	Graph theory	Trees Hypergraphs Random graphs Graph coloring Paths and connectivity problems Graph enumeration Matchings and factors Graphs and surfaces Network flows Spectra of graphs Extremal graph theory Matroids and greedoids Graph algorithms Approximation algorithms	Discrete mathematics
#10003634	Trees		Graph theory
#10003635	Graph algorithms analysis	Network flows Sparsification and spanners Shortest paths Dynamic graph algorithms	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10003636	Approximation algorithms analysis	Scheduling algorithms Packing and covering problems Routing and network design problems Facility location and clustering Rounding techniques Stochastic approximation Numeric approximation algorithms	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10003637	Hypergraphs		Graph theory
#10003638	Random graphs		Graph theory
#10003639	Graph coloring		Graph theory
#10003640	Paths and connectivity problems		Graph theory
#10003641	Graph enumeration		Graph theory
#10003642	Matchings and factors		Graph theory
#10003643	Graphs and surfaces		Graph theory
#10003644	Network flows		Graph theory Graph algorithms analysis
#10003645	Spectra of graphs		Graph theory
#10003646	Extremal graph theory		Graph theory
#10003647	Matroids and greedoids		Graph theory
#10003648	Probability and statistics	Probabilistic representations Probabilistic inference problems Probabilistic reasoning algorithms Probabilistic algorithms Statistical paradigms Stochastic processes Nonparametric statistics Distribution functions Multivariate statistics	Mathematics of computing
#10003649	Probabilistic representations	Bayesian networks Markov networks Factor graphs Decision diagrams Equational models Causal networks Stochastic differential equations Nonparametric representations	Probability and statistics
#10003650	Bayesian networks		Probabilistic representations
#10003651	Markov networks		Probabilistic representations
#10003652	Factor graphs		Probabilistic representations
#10003653	Decision diagrams		Probabilistic representations
#10003654	Equational models		Probabilistic representations
#10003655	Causal networks		Probabilistic representations
#10003656	Stochastic differential equations		Probabilistic representations
#10003657	Nonparametric representations	Kernel density estimators Spline models Bayesian nonparametric models	Probabilistic representations
#10003658	Kernel density estimators		Nonparametric representations
#10003659	Spline models		Nonparametric representations
#10003660	Classification and regression trees		Machine learning approaches
#10003661	Bayesian nonparametric models		Nonparametric representations
#10003662	Probabilistic inference problems	Maximum likelihood estimation Bayesian computation Computing most probable explanation Hypothesis testing and confidence interval computation Density estimation Max marginal computation	Probability and statistics
#10003663	Maximum likelihood estimation		Probabilistic inference problems
#10003664	Bayesian computation		Probabilistic inference problems
#10003665	Computing most probable explanation		Probabilistic inference problems
#10003666	Hypothesis testing and confidence interval computation		Probabilistic inference problems
#10003667	Density estimation	Quantile regression	Probabilistic inference problems
#10003668	Quantile regression		Density estimation
#10003669	Max marginal computation		Probabilistic inference problems
#10003670	Probabilistic reasoning algorithms	Variable elimination Loopy belief propagation Variational methods Expectation maximization Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods Sequential Monte Carlo methods Kalman filters and hidden Markov models Resampling methods Random number generation	Probability and statistics
#10003671	Probabilistic algorithms		Probability and statistics
#10003673	Variable elimination		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003674	Loopy belief propagation		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003675	Variational methods		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003676	Expectation maximization		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003677	Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods	Gibbs sampling Metropolis-Hastings algorithm Simulated annealing Markov-chain Monte Carlo convergence measures	Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003678	Gibbs sampling		Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods
#10003679	Metropolis-Hastings algorithm		Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods
#10003680	Simulated annealing		Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods
#10003681	Markov-chain Monte Carlo convergence measures		Markov-chain Monte Carlo methods
#10003682	Sequential Monte Carlo methods		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003683	Kalman filters and hidden Markov models		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003684	Resampling methods	Bootstrapping Jackknifing	Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003685	Bootstrapping		Resampling methods
#10003686	Jackknifing		Resampling methods
#10003687	Random number generation		Probabilistic reasoning algorithms
#10003688	Statistical paradigms	Queueing theory Contingency table analysis Regression analysis Time series analysis Survival analysis Renewal theory Dimensionality reduction Cluster analysis Statistical graphics Exploratory data analysis	Probability and statistics
#10003689	Queueing theory		Statistical paradigms
#10003690	Contingency table analysis		Statistical paradigms
#10003691	Regression analysis	Robust regression	Statistical paradigms
#10003692	Robust regression		Regression analysis
#10003693	Time series analysis		Statistical paradigms
#10003694	Survival analysis		Statistical paradigms
#10003695	Renewal theory		Statistical paradigms
#10003696	Dimensionality reduction		Statistical paradigms
#10003697	Cluster analysis		Statistical paradigms Unsupervised learning
#10003698	Statistical graphics		Statistical paradigms
#10003699	Exploratory data analysis		Statistical paradigms
#10003700	Stochastic processes	Markov processes	Probability and statistics
#10003701	Markov processes		Stochastic processes
#10003702	Nonparametric statistics		Probability and statistics
#10003703	Distribution functions		Probability and statistics
#10003704	Multivariate statistics		Probability and statistics
#10003705	Mathematical software	Solvers Statistical software Mathematical software performance	Mathematics of computing
#10003707	Solvers		Mathematical software
#10003708	Statistical software		Mathematical software
#10003712	Information theory	Coding theory	Mathematics of computing
#10003713	Coding theory		Information theory
#10003714	Mathematical analysis	Numerical analysis Mathematical optimization Differential equations Calculus Functional analysis Integral equations Nonlinear equations Quadrature	Mathematics of computing
#10003715	Numerical analysis	Computation of transforms Computations in finite fields Computations on matrices Computations on polynomials Number-theoretic computations Interpolation Numerical differentiation Interval arithmetic Arbitrary-precision arithmetic Automatic differentiation Mesh generation Discretization	Mathematical analysis
#10003716	Mathematical optimization	Discrete optimization Continuous optimization Mixed discrete-continuous optimization	Mathematical analysis Design and analysis of algorithms
#10003717	Computation of transforms		Numerical analysis
#10003718	Computations in finite fields		Numerical analysis
#10003719	Computations on matrices		Numerical analysis
#10003720	Computations on polynomials	Gröbner bases and other special bases	Numerical analysis
#10003721	Number-theoretic computations		Numerical analysis
#10003722	Interpolation		Numerical analysis
#10003724	Numerical differentiation		Numerical analysis
#10003725	Interval arithmetic		Numerical analysis
#10003726	Arbitrary-precision arithmetic		Numerical analysis
#10003727	Differential equations	Ordinary differential equations Partial differential equations Differential algebraic equations Differential variational inequalities	Mathematical analysis
#10003728	Ordinary differential equations		Differential equations
#10003729	Partial differential equations		Differential equations
#10003730	Differential algebraic equations		Differential equations
#10003731	Differential variational inequalities		Differential equations
#10003732	Calculus	Lambda calculus Differential calculus Integral calculus	Mathematical analysis Continuous mathematics
#10003733	Lambda calculus		Computability Calculus
#10003734	Differential calculus		Calculus
#10003735	Integral calculus		Calculus
#10003736	Functional analysis	Approximation	Mathematical analysis
#10003737	Approximation		Functional analysis
#10003738	Integral equations		Mathematical analysis
#10003739	Nonlinear equations		Mathematical analysis
#10003740	Quadrature		Mathematical analysis
#10003741	Continuous mathematics	Calculus Topology Continuous functions	Mathematics of computing
#10003742	Topology	Point-set topology Algebraic topology Geometric topology	Continuous mathematics
#10003743	Point-set topology		Topology
#10003744	Algebraic topology		Topology
#10003745	Geometric topology		Topology
#10003746	Continuous functions		Continuous mathematics
#10003747	Gröbner bases and other special bases		Computations on polynomials
#10003748	Automatic differentiation		Numerical analysis
#10003749	Mesh generation		Numerical analysis
#10003750	Discretization		Numerical analysis
#10003751	Software engineering education		Computing education programs
#10003752	Theory of computation	Models of computation Formal languages and automata theory Computational complexity and cryptography Logic Design and analysis of algorithms Randomness, geometry and discrete structures Theory and algorithms for application domains Semantics and reasoning
#10003753	Models of computation	Computability Probabilistic computation Quantum computation theory Interactive computation Streaming models Concurrency Timed and hybrid models Abstract machines	Theory of computation
#10003754	Computability	Lambda calculus Turing machines Recursive functions	Models of computation
#10003755	Turing machines		Computability
#10003756	Recursive functions		Computability
#10003757	Probabilistic computation		Models of computation
#10003758	Quantum computation theory	Quantum complexity theory Quantum communication complexity Quantum query complexity Quantum information theory	Models of computation
#10003759	Interactive computation		Models of computation
#10003760	Streaming models		Models of computation
#10003761	Concurrency	Parallel computing models Distributed computing models Process calculi	Models of computation
#10003762	Parallel computing models		Concurrency
#10003763	Distributed computing models		Concurrency
#10003764	Process calculi		Concurrency
#10003765	Timed and hybrid models		Models of computation
#10003766	Formal languages and automata theory	Formalisms Automata over infinite objects Grammars and context-free languages Tree languages Automata extensions Regular languages	Theory of computation
#10003767	Formalisms	Algebraic language theory Rewrite systems	Formal languages and automata theory
#10003768	Algebraic language theory		Formalisms
#10003769	Rewrite systems		Formalisms
#10003770	Automata over infinite objects		Formal languages and automata theory
#10003771	Grammars and context-free languages		Formal languages and automata theory
#10003772	Tree languages		Formal languages and automata theory
#10003773	Automata extensions	Transducers Quantitative automata	Formal languages and automata theory
#10003774	Transducers		Automata extensions
#10003775	Quantitative automata		Automata extensions
#10003776	Regular languages		Formal languages and automata theory
#10003777	Computational complexity and cryptography	Complexity classes Problems, reductions and completeness Communication complexity Circuit complexity Oracles and decision trees Algebraic complexity theory Quantum complexity theory Proof complexity Interactive proof systems Complexity theory and logic Cryptographic primitives Cryptographic protocols	Theory of computation
#10003778	Complexity classes		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003779	Problems, reductions and completeness		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003780	Communication complexity		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003781	Circuit complexity		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003782	Oracles and decision trees		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003783	Algebraic complexity theory		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003784	Quantum complexity theory		Computational complexity and cryptography Quantum computation theory
#10003785	Proof complexity		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003786	Interactive proof systems		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003787	Complexity theory and logic		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003788	Cryptographic primitives		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003789	Cryptographic protocols		Computational complexity and cryptography
#10003790	Logic	Logic and verification Proof theory Modal and temporal logics Automated reasoning Constraint and logic programming Constructive mathematics Description logics Equational logic and rewriting Finite Model Theory Higher order logic Linear logic Programming logic Abstraction Verification by model checking Type theory Hoare logic Separation logic	Theory of computation
#10003791	Model checking		Formal methods Functional verification
#10003792	Proof theory		Logic
#10003793	Modal and temporal logics		Logic
#10003794	Automated reasoning		Logic
#10003795	Constraint and logic programming		Logic
#10003796	Constructive mathematics		Logic
#10003797	Description logics		Logic Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10003798	Equational logic and rewriting		Logic
#10003799	Finite Model Theory		Logic
#10003800	Higher order logic		Logic
#10003801	Linear logic		Logic
#10003806	Programming logic		Logic
#10003808	Scheduling algorithms		Online learning algorithms Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003809	Design and analysis of algorithms	Graph algorithms analysis Approximation algorithms analysis Mathematical optimization Data structures design and analysis Online algorithms Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms Parallel algorithms Distributed algorithms Algorithm design techniques Concurrent algorithms	Theory of computation
#10003810	Packing and covering problems		Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003811	Routing and network design problems		Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003812	Facility location and clustering		Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003813	Rounding techniques		Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003814	Stochastic approximation		Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003815	Numeric approximation algorithms		Approximation algorithms analysis
#10003817	MapReduce algorithms		Distributed algorithms Parallel algorithms
#10003824	Self-organization		Parallel algorithms Distributed algorithms
#10010031	Data structures design and analysis	Data compression Pattern matching Sorting and searching Predecessor queries Cell probe models and lower bounds	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10010032	Pattern matching		Data structures design and analysis
#10010033	Sorting and searching		Data structures design and analysis
#10010034	Predecessor queries		Data structures design and analysis
#10010035	Cell probe models and lower bounds		Data structures design and analysis
#10010036	Sparsification and spanners		Graph algorithms analysis
#10010037	Shortest paths		Graph algorithms analysis
#10010038	Dynamic graph algorithms		Graph algorithms analysis
#10010040	Submodular optimization and polymatroids		Mixed discrete-continuous optimization
#10010041	Linear programming		Continuous optimization
#10010042	Semidefinite programming		Continuous optimization
#10010043	Convex optimization		Continuous optimization
#10010044	Quasiconvex programming and unimodality		Continuous optimization
#10010045	Integer programming		Mixed discrete-continuous optimization
#10010046	Stochastic control and optimization		Continuous optimization
#10010047	Online algorithms	Online learning algorithms Caching and paging algorithms K-server algorithms Adversary models	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10010048	Online learning algorithms	Scheduling algorithms	Online algorithms
#10010049	Caching and paging algorithms		Online algorithms
#10010050	K-server algorithms		Online algorithms
#10010051	Adversary models		Online algorithms
#10010052	Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms	Fixed parameter tractability W hierarchy	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10010053	Fixed parameter tractability		Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms
#10010054	W hierarchy		Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms
#10010055	Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms	Bloom filters and hashing Sketching and sampling Lower bounds and information complexity Random order and robust communication complexity Nearest neighbor algorithms	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10010056	Bloom filters and hashing		Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms
#10010057	Sketching and sampling		Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms
#10010058	Lower bounds and information complexity		Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms
#10010059	Random order and robust communication complexity		Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms
#10010060	Nearest neighbor algorithms		Streaming, sublinear and near linear time algorithms
#10010061	Randomness, geometry and discrete structures	Pseudorandomness and derandomization Computational geometry Generating random combinatorial structures Random walks and Markov chains Expander graphs and randomness extractors Error-correcting codes Random projections and metric embeddings Random network models	Theory of computation
#10010062	Pseudorandomness and derandomization		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010063	Computational geometry		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010064	Generating random combinatorial structures		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010065	Random walks and Markov chains		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010066	Expander graphs and randomness extractors		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010067	Error-correcting codes		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010068	Random projections and metric embeddings		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010069	Random network models		Randomness, geometry and discrete structures
#10010070	Theory and algorithms for application domains	Machine learning theory Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design Database theory	Theory of computation
#10010071	Machine learning theory	Sample complexity and generalization bounds Boolean function learning Unsupervised learning and clustering Kernel methods Boosting Bayesian analysis Inductive inference Online learning theory Multi-agent learning Models of learning Query learning Structured prediction Reinforcement learning Active learning Semi-supervised learning Markov decision processes Regret bounds	Theory and algorithms for application domains
#10010072	Sample complexity and generalization bounds		Machine learning theory
#10010073	Boolean function learning		Machine learning theory
#10010074	Unsupervised learning and clustering		Machine learning theory
#10010075	Kernel methods	Support vector machines Gaussian processes	Machine learning theory Machine learning approaches
#10010076	Boosting		Ensemble methods Machine learning theory
#10010077	Bayesian analysis		Machine learning theory
#10010078	Inductive inference		Machine learning theory
#10010079	Online learning theory		Machine learning theory
#10010082	Multi-agent learning		Machine learning theory
#10010083	Models of learning		Machine learning theory
#10010084	Query learning		Machine learning theory
#10010085	Structured prediction		Machine learning theory
#10010086	Molecular sequence analysis		Computational biology
#10010087	Computational biology	Molecular sequence analysis Recognition of genes and regulatory elements Molecular evolution Computational transcriptomics Biological networks Sequencing and genotyping technologies Imaging Computational proteomics Molecular structural biology Computational genomics	Life and medical sciences
#10010088	Recognition of genes and regulatory elements		Computational biology
#10010089	Molecular evolution		Computational biology
#10010090	Computational transcriptomics		Computational biology
#10010091	Biological networks		Computational biology
#10010092	Sequencing and genotyping technologies		Computational biology
#10010093	Genomics	Computational genomics	Life and medical sciences
#10010094	Population genetics		Genetics
#10010095	Systems biology		Life and medical sciences
#10010096	Imaging		Computational biology
#10010097	Computational proteomics		Computational biology Proteomics
#10010098	Molecular structural biology		Computational biology
#10010099	Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design	Social networks Algorithmic game theory Algorithmic mechanism design Solution concepts in game theory Exact and approximate computation of equilibria Quality of equilibria Convergence and learning in games Market equilibria Computational pricing and auctions Representations of games and their complexity Network games Network formation Computational advertising theory	Theory and algorithms for application domains
#10010100	Algorithmic game theory		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010101	Algorithmic mechanism design		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010102	Solution concepts in game theory		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010103	Exact and approximate computation of equilibria		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010104	Quality of equilibria		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010105	Convergence and learning in games		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010106	Market equilibria		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010107	Computational pricing and auctions		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010108	Representations of games and their complexity		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010109	Network games		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010110	Network formation		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10010111	Database theory	Data exchange Data provenance Data modeling Database query languages (principles) Database constraints theory Database interoperability Data structures and algorithms for data management Database query processing and optimization (theory) Data integration Logic and databases Theory of database privacy and security Incomplete, inconsistent, and uncertain databases	Theory and algorithms for application domains
#10010112	Data modeling		Database theory
#10010113	Database query languages (principles)		Database theory
#10010114	Database constraints theory		Database theory
#10010117	Interoperability		Extra-functional properties
#10010120	Incomplete data		Data model extensions
#10010124	Semantics and reasoning	Program constructs Program semantics Program reasoning	Theory of computation
#10010125	Program constructs	Control primitives Functional constructs Object oriented constructs Program schemes Type structures	Semantics and reasoning
#10010126	Control primitives		Program constructs
#10010127	Functional constructs		Program constructs
#10010128	Object oriented constructs		Program constructs
#10010129	Program schemes		Program constructs
#10010130	Type structures		Program constructs
#10010131	Program semantics	Algebraic semantics Denotational semantics Operational semantics Axiomatic semantics Action semantics Categorical semantics	Semantics and reasoning
#10010132	Algebraic semantics		Program semantics
#10010133	Denotational semantics		Program semantics
#10010134	Operational semantics		Program semantics
#10010135	Axiomatic semantics		Program semantics
#10010136	Action semantics		Program semantics
#10010137	Categorical semantics		Program semantics
#10010138	Program reasoning	Invariants Program specifications Pre- and post-conditions Program verification Program analysis Assertions Parsing Abstraction	Semantics and reasoning
#10010139	Invariants		Program reasoning
#10010140	Program specifications		Program reasoning
#10010141	Pre- and post-conditions		Program reasoning
#10010142	Program verification		Program reasoning
#10010143	Program analysis		Program reasoning
#10010144	Assertions		Program reasoning
#10010145	Parsing		Program reasoning
#10010146	Graph-based database models	Hierarchical data models Network data models	Database design and models
#10010147	Computing methodologies	Symbolic and algebraic manipulation Parallel computing methodologies Artificial intelligence Machine learning Modeling and simulation Computer graphics Distributed computing methodologies Concurrent computing methodologies
#10010148	Symbolic and algebraic manipulation	Symbolic and algebraic algorithms Computer algebra systems Representation of mathematical objects	Computing methodologies
#10010149	Symbolic and algebraic algorithms	Combinatorial algorithms Algebraic algorithms Nonalgebraic algorithms Symbolic calculus algorithms Exact arithmetic algorithms Hybrid symbolic-numeric methods Discrete calculus algorithms Number theory algorithms Equation and inequality solving algorithms Linear algebra algorithms Theorem proving algorithms Boolean algebra algorithms Optimization algorithms	Symbolic and algebraic manipulation
#10010150	Algebraic algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010151	Nonalgebraic algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010152	Symbolic calculus algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010153	Exact arithmetic algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010154	Hybrid symbolic-numeric methods		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010155	Discrete calculus algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010156	Number theory algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010157	Equation and inequality solving algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010158	Linear algebra algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010159	Theorem proving algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010160	Boolean algebra algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010161	Optimization algorithms		Symbolic and algebraic algorithms
#10010162	Computer algebra systems	Special-purpose algebraic systems	Symbolic and algebraic manipulation
#10010163	Special-purpose algebraic systems		Computer algebra systems
#10010164	Representation of mathematical objects	Representation of exact numbers Representation of mathematical functions Representation of Boolean functions Representation of polynomials	Symbolic and algebraic manipulation
#10010165	Representation of exact numbers		Representation of mathematical objects
#10010166	Representation of mathematical functions		Representation of mathematical objects
#10010167	Representation of Boolean functions		Representation of mathematical objects
#10010168	Representation of polynomials		Representation of mathematical objects
#10010169	Parallel computing methodologies	Parallel algorithms Parallel programming languages	Computing methodologies
#10010170	Parallel algorithms	MapReduce algorithms Self-organization Shared memory algorithms Vector / streaming algorithms Massively parallel algorithms	Parallel computing methodologies Design and analysis of algorithms
#10010171	Shared memory algorithms		Parallel algorithms
#10010172	Distributed algorithms	MapReduce algorithms Self-organization	Design and analysis of algorithms Distributed computing methodologies
#10010173	Vector / streaming algorithms		Parallel algorithms
#10010174	Massively parallel algorithms		Parallel algorithms
#10010175	Parallel programming languages		Parallel computing methodologies Language types
#10010177	Distributed programming languages		Language types Distributed computing methodologies
#10010178	Artificial intelligence	Natural language processing Knowledge representation and reasoning Planning and scheduling Search methodologies Control methods Philosophical/theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence Distributed artificial intelligence Computer vision	Computing methodologies
#10010179	Natural language processing	Information extraction Machine translation Discourse, dialogue and pragmatics Natural language generation Speech recognition Lexical semantics Phonology / morphology Language resources	Artificial intelligence
#10010180	Machine translation		Natural language processing
#10010181	Discourse, dialogue and pragmatics		Natural language processing
#10010182	Natural language generation		Natural language processing
#10010183	Speech recognition		Natural language processing
#10010184	Lexical semantics		Natural language processing
#10010185	Phonology / morphology		Natural language processing
#10010186	Language resources		Natural language processing
#10010187	Knowledge representation and reasoning	Description logics Semantic networks Nonmonotonic, default reasoning and belief revision Probabilistic reasoning Vagueness and fuzzy logic Causal reasoning and diagnostics Temporal reasoning Cognitive robotics Ontology engineering Logic programming and answer set programming Spatial and physical reasoning Reasoning about belief and knowledge	Artificial intelligence
#10010188	Semantic networks		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010189	Nonmonotonic, default reasoning and belief revision		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010190	Probabilistic reasoning		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010191	Vagueness and fuzzy logic		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010192	Causal reasoning and diagnostics		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010193	Temporal reasoning		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010194	Cognitive robotics		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010195	Ontology engineering		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010196	Logic programming and answer set programming		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010197	Spatial and physical reasoning		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010198	Reasoning about belief and knowledge		Knowledge representation and reasoning
#10010199	Planning and scheduling	Planning for deterministic actions Planning under uncertainty Multi-agent planning Planning with abstraction and generalization Robotic planning	Artificial intelligence
#10010200	Planning for deterministic actions		Planning and scheduling
#10010201	Planning under uncertainty		Planning and scheduling
#10010202	Multi-agent planning		Planning and scheduling
#10010203	Planning with abstraction and generalization		Planning and scheduling
#10010204	Robotic planning		Planning and scheduling Control methods
#10010205	Search methodologies	Heuristic function construction Discrete space search Continuous space search Randomized search Game tree search Abstraction and micro-operators Search with partial observations	Artificial intelligence
#10010206	Heuristic function construction		Search methodologies
#10010207	Discrete space search		Search methodologies
#10010208	Continuous space search		Search methodologies
#10010209	Randomized search		Search methodologies
#10010210	Game tree search		Search methodologies
#10010211	Abstraction and micro-operators		Search methodologies
#10010212	Search with partial observations		Search methodologies
#10010213	Control methods	Robotic planning Computational control theory Motion path planning	Artificial intelligence
#10010214	Computational control theory		Control methods
#10010215	Motion path planning		Control methods
#10010216	Philosophical/theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence	Cognitive science Theory of mind	Artificial intelligence
#10010217	Cognitive science		Philosophical/theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence
#10010218	Theory of mind		Philosophical/theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence
#10010219	Distributed artificial intelligence	Multi-agent systems Intelligent agents Mobile agents Cooperation and coordination	Artificial intelligence
#10010220	Multi-agent systems		Distributed artificial intelligence
#10010221	Intelligent agents		Distributed artificial intelligence
#10010222	Mobile agents		Distributed artificial intelligence
#10010223	Cooperation and coordination		Distributed artificial intelligence
#10010224	Computer vision	Computer vision tasks Image and video acquisition Computer vision representations Computer vision problems	Artificial intelligence
#10010225	Computer vision tasks	Biometrics Scene understanding Activity recognition and understanding Video summarization Visual content-based indexing and retrieval Visual inspection Vision for robotics Scene anomaly detection	Computer vision
#10010226	Image and video acquisition	Camera calibration Epipolar geometry Computational photography Hyperspectral imaging Motion capture 3D imaging Active vision	Computer vision
#10010227	Scene understanding		Computer vision tasks
#10010228	Activity recognition and understanding		Computer vision tasks
#10010229	Anomaly detection		Unsupervised learning
#10010230	Video summarization		Computer vision tasks
#10010231	Visual content-based indexing and retrieval		Computer vision tasks
#10010232	Visual inspection		Computer vision tasks
#10010233	Vision for robotics		Computer vision tasks
#10010234	Camera calibration		Image and video acquisition
#10010235	Epipolar geometry		Image and video acquisition
#10010236	Computational photography		Image and video acquisition Image manipulation
#10010237	Hyperspectral imaging		Image and video acquisition
#10010238	Motion capture		Image and video acquisition Animation
#10010239	3D imaging		Image and video acquisition
#10010240	Computer vision representations	Image representations Shape representations Appearance and texture representations Hierarchical representations	Computer vision
#10010241	Image representations		Computer vision representations
#10010242	Shape representations		Computer vision representations
#10010243	Appearance and texture representations		Computer vision representations
#10010244	Hierarchical representations		Computer vision representations
#10010245	Computer vision problems	Interest point and salient region detections Image segmentation Video segmentation Shape inference Object detection Object recognition Object identification Tracking Reconstruction Matching	Computer vision
#10010246	Interest point and salient region detections		Computer vision problems
#10010247	Image segmentation		Computer vision problems
#10010248	Video segmentation		Computer vision problems
#10010249	Shape inference		Computer vision problems
#10010250	Object detection		Computer vision problems
#10010251	Object recognition		Computer vision problems
#10010252	Object identification		Computer vision problems
#10010253	Tracking		Computer vision problems
#10010254	Reconstruction		Computer vision problems
#10010255	Matching		Computer vision problems
#10010256	Active vision		Image and video acquisition
#10010257	Machine learning	Learning paradigms Learning settings Machine learning approaches Machine learning algorithms Cross-validation	Computing methodologies
#10010258	Learning paradigms	Supervised learning Unsupervised learning Reinforcement learning Multi-task learning	Machine learning
#10010259	Supervised learning	Ranking Learning to rank Supervised learning by classification Supervised learning by regression Structured outputs Cost-sensitive learning	Learning paradigms
#10010260	Unsupervised learning	Cluster analysis Anomaly detection Mixture modeling Topic modeling Source separation Motif discovery Dimensionality reduction and manifold learning	Learning paradigms
#10010261	Reinforcement learning	Sequential decision making Inverse reinforcement learning Apprenticeship learning Multi-agent reinforcement learning Adversarial learning	Learning paradigms Machine learning theory
#10010262	Multi-task learning	Transfer learning Lifelong machine learning Learning under covariate shift	Learning paradigms
#10010263	Supervised learning by classification		Supervised learning
#10010264	Supervised learning by regression		Supervised learning
#10010265	Structured outputs		Supervised learning
#10010266	Cost-sensitive learning		Supervised learning
#10010267	Mixture modeling		Unsupervised learning
#10010268	Topic modeling		Unsupervised learning
#10010269	Source separation		Unsupervised learning
#10010270	Motif discovery		Unsupervised learning
#10010271	Dimensionality reduction and manifold learning		Unsupervised learning
#10010272	Sequential decision making		Reinforcement learning
#10010273	Inverse reinforcement learning		Reinforcement learning
#10010274	Apprenticeship learning		Reinforcement learning
#10010275	Multi-agent reinforcement learning		Reinforcement learning
#10010276	Adversarial learning		Reinforcement learning
#10010277	Transfer learning		Multi-task learning
#10010278	Lifelong machine learning		Multi-task learning
#10010279	Learning under covariate shift		Multi-task learning
#10010282	Learning settings	Batch learning Online learning settings Learning from demonstrations Learning from critiques Learning from implicit feedback Active learning settings Semi-supervised learning settings	Machine learning
#10010283	Batch learning		Learning settings
#10010284	Online learning settings		Learning settings
#10010286	Active learning		Machine learning theory
#10010289	Semi-supervised learning		Machine learning theory
#10010290	Learning from demonstrations		Learning settings
#10010291	Learning from critiques		Learning settings
#10010292	Learning from implicit feedback		Learning settings
#10010293	Machine learning approaches	Classification and regression trees Kernel methods Neural networks Logical and relational learning Learning in probabilistic graphical models Learning linear models Factorization methods Rule learning Instance-based learning Markov decision processes Partially-observable Markov decision processes Stochastic games Learning latent representations	Machine learning
#10010294	Neural networks		Other architectures Machine learning approaches
#10010295	Support vector machines		Kernel methods
#10010296	Gaussian processes		Kernel methods
#10010297	Logical and relational learning	Inductive logic learning Statistical relational learning	Machine learning approaches
#10010298	Inductive logic learning		Logical and relational learning
#10010299	Statistical relational learning		Logical and relational learning
#10010300	Learning in probabilistic graphical models	Maximum likelihood modeling Maximum entropy modeling Maximum a posteriori modeling Mixture models Latent variable models Bayesian network models	Machine learning approaches
#10010301	Maximum likelihood modeling		Learning in probabilistic graphical models
#10010302	Maximum entropy modeling		Learning in probabilistic graphical models
#10010303	Maximum a posteriori modeling		Learning in probabilistic graphical models
#10010304	Mixture models		Learning in probabilistic graphical models
#10010305	Latent variable models		Learning in probabilistic graphical models
#10010306	Bayesian network models		Learning in probabilistic graphical models
#10010307	Learning linear models	Perceptron algorithm	Machine learning approaches
#10010308	Perceptron algorithm		Learning linear models
#10010309	Factorization methods	Non-negative matrix factorization Factor analysis Principal component analysis Canonical correlation analysis Latent Dirichlet allocation	Machine learning approaches
#10010310	Non-negative matrix factorization		Factorization methods
#10010311	Factor analysis		Factorization methods
#10010312	Principal component analysis		Factorization methods
#10010313	Canonical correlation analysis		Factorization methods
#10010314	Rule learning		Machine learning approaches
#10010315	Instance-based learning		Machine learning approaches
#10010316	Markov decision processes		Machine learning approaches Machine learning theory
#10010317	Partially-observable Markov decision processes		Machine learning approaches
#10010318	Stochastic games		Machine learning approaches
#10010319	Learning latent representations	Deep belief networks	Machine learning approaches
#10010320	Deep belief networks		Learning latent representations
#10010321	Machine learning algorithms	Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes Ensemble methods Spectral methods Feature selection Regularization	Machine learning
#10010327	Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes	Value iteration Q-learning Policy iteration Temporal difference learning Approximate dynamic programming methods	Machine learning algorithms
#10010328	Value iteration		Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes
#10010329	Q-learning		Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes
#10010330	Policy iteration		Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes
#10010331	Temporal difference learning		Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes
#10010332	Approximate dynamic programming methods		Dynamic programming for Markov decision processes
#10010333	Ensemble methods	Boosting Bagging	Machine learning algorithms
#10010334	Bagging		Ensemble methods
#10010335	Spectral methods		Machine learning algorithms
#10010336	Feature selection		Machine learning algorithms
#10010337	Regularization		Machine learning algorithms
#10010339	Cross-validation		Machine learning
#10010341	Modeling and simulation	Model development and analysis Simulation theory Simulation types and techniques Simulation support systems Simulation evaluation	Computing methodologies
#10010342	Model development and analysis	Modeling methodologies Model verification and validation Uncertainty quantification	Modeling and simulation
#10010343	Modeling methodologies		Model development and analysis
#10010344	Model verification and validation		Model development and analysis
#10010345	Uncertainty quantification		Model development and analysis Simulation types and techniques
#10010346	Simulation theory	Systems theory Network science	Modeling and simulation
#10010347	Systems theory		Simulation theory
#10010348	Network science		Simulation theory
#10010349	Simulation types and techniques	Uncertainty quantification Quantum mechanic simulation Molecular simulation Rare-event simulation Discrete-event simulation Agent / discrete models Distributed simulation Continuous simulation Continuous models Real-time simulation Interactive simulation Multiscale systems Massively parallel and high-performance simulations Data assimilation Scientific visualization Visual analytics Simulation by animation	Modeling and simulation
#10010350	Quantum mechanic simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010351	Molecular simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010352	Animation	Motion capture Procedural animation Physical simulation Motion processing Collision detection	Computer graphics
#10010353	Rare-event simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010354	Discrete-event simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010355	Agent / discrete models		Simulation types and techniques
#10010356	Distributed simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010357	Continuous simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010358	Continuous models		Simulation types and techniques
#10010359	Real-time simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010360	Interactive simulation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010361	Multiscale systems		Simulation types and techniques
#10010362	Massively parallel and high-performance simulations		Simulation types and techniques
#10010363	Data assimilation		Simulation types and techniques
#10010364	Scientific visualization		Simulation types and techniques Visualization application domains
#10010365	Visual analytics		Visualization application domains Simulation types and techniques
#10010366	Simulation support systems	Simulation environments Simulation languages Simulation tools	Modeling and simulation
#10010367	Simulation environments		Simulation support systems
#10010368	Simulation languages		Simulation support systems
#10010369	Simulation tools		Simulation support systems
#10010370	Simulation evaluation		Modeling and simulation
#10010371	Computer graphics	Animation Rendering Image manipulation Graphics systems and interfaces Image compression Shape modeling	Computing methodologies
#10010372	Rendering	Rasterization Ray tracing Non-photorealistic rendering Reflectance modeling Visibility	Computer graphics
#10010373	Rasterization		Rendering
#10010374	Ray tracing		Rendering
#10010375	Non-photorealistic rendering		Rendering
#10010376	Reflectance modeling		Rendering
#10010377	Visibility		Rendering
#10010378	Procedural animation		Animation
#10010379	Physical simulation		Animation
#10010380	Motion processing		Animation
#10010381	Collision detection		Animation
#10010382	Image manipulation	Computational photography Image processing Texturing Image-based rendering Antialiasing	Computer graphics
#10010383	Image processing		Image manipulation
#10010384	Texturing		Image manipulation
#10010385	Image-based rendering		Image manipulation
#10010386	Antialiasing		Image manipulation
#10010387	Graphics systems and interfaces	Graphics processors Graphics input devices Mixed / augmented reality Perception Graphics file formats Virtual reality	Computer graphics
#10010389	Graphics processors		Graphics systems and interfaces
#10010391	Graphics input devices		Graphics systems and interfaces Interaction devices
#10010392	Mixed / augmented reality		Interaction paradigms Graphics systems and interfaces
#10010393	Perception		Graphics systems and interfaces
#10010394	Graphics file formats		Graphics systems and interfaces
#10010395	Image compression		Computer graphics
#10010396	Shape modeling	Mesh models Mesh geometry models Parametric curve and surface models Point-based models Volumetric models Shape analysis	Computer graphics
#10010397	Mesh models		Shape modeling
#10010398	Mesh geometry models		Shape modeling
#10010399	Parametric curve and surface models		Shape modeling
#10010400	Point-based models		Shape modeling
#10010401	Volumetric models		Shape modeling
#10010402	Shape analysis		Shape modeling
#10010403	Novelty in information retrieval		Retrieval models and ranking
#10010405	Applied computing	Electronic commerce Enterprise computing Physical sciences and engineering Life and medical sciences Law, social and behavioral sciences Computer forensics Arts and humanities Computers in other domains Operations research Education Document management and text processing
#10010406	Enterprise computing	Enterprise information systems Business process management Enterprise architectures Service-oriented architectures Event-driven architectures Business rules Enterprise modeling Enterprise ontologies, taxonomies and vocabularies Enterprise data management Reference models Business-IT alignment IT architectures IT governance Enterprise computing infrastructures Enterprise interoperability	Applied computing
#10010411	Enterprise application integration		Enterprise interoperability
#10010412	Business process management	Business process modeling Business process management systems Business process monitoring Cross-organizational business processes Business intelligence	Enterprise computing
#10010413	Business process modeling		Business process management
#10010414	Business process management systems		Business process management
#10010415	Business process monitoring		Business process management
#10010416	Cross-organizational business processes		Business process management
#10010417	Enterprise architectures	Enterprise architecture management Enterprise architecture frameworks Enterprise architecture modeling	Enterprise computing
#10010418	Enterprise architecture management		Enterprise architectures
#10010419	Enterprise architecture frameworks		Enterprise architectures
#10010420	Enterprise architecture modeling		Enterprise architectures
#10010421	Service-oriented architectures		Enterprise computing
#10010422	Event-driven architectures		Enterprise computing
#10010423	Business rules		Enterprise computing
#10010424	Enterprise modeling		Enterprise computing
#10010425	Enterprise ontologies, taxonomies and vocabularies		Enterprise computing
#10010426	Enterprise data management		Enterprise computing
#10010427	Reference models		Enterprise computing
#10010428	Business-IT alignment		Enterprise computing
#10010429	IT architectures		Enterprise computing
#10010430	IT governance		Enterprise computing
#10010431	Enterprise computing infrastructures		Enterprise computing
#10010432	Physical sciences and engineering	Aerospace Archaeology Astronomy Chemistry Earth and atmospheric sciences Engineering Physics Mathematics and statistics Electronics Telecommunications	Applied computing
#10010433	Aerospace	Avionics	Physical sciences and engineering
#10010434	Archaeology		Physical sciences and engineering
#10010435	Astronomy		Physical sciences and engineering
#10010436	Chemistry		Physical sciences and engineering
#10010437	Earth and atmospheric sciences	Environmental sciences	Physical sciences and engineering
#10010438	Environmental sciences		Earth and atmospheric sciences
#10010439	Engineering	Computer-aided design	Physical sciences and engineering
#10010440	Computer-aided design		Engineering Architecture (buildings)
#10010441	Physics		Physical sciences and engineering
#10010442	Mathematics and statistics		Physical sciences and engineering
#10010443	Electronics	Avionics	Physical sciences and engineering
#10010444	Life and medical sciences	Computational biology Genomics Systems biology Consumer health Health care information systems Health informatics Bioinformatics Metabolomics / metabonomics Genetics	Applied computing
#10010446	Consumer health		Life and medical sciences
#10010447	Health care information systems		Life and medical sciences
#10010449	Health informatics		Life and medical sciences
#10010450	Bioinformatics		Life and medical sciences
#10010451	Proteomics	Computational proteomics	Genetics
#10010452	Metabolomics / metabonomics		Life and medical sciences
#10010454	Transcriptomics		Genetics
#10010455	Law, social and behavioral sciences	Anthropology Law Psychology Economics Sociology	Applied computing
#10010456	Anthropology	Ethnography	Law, social and behavioral sciences
#10010457	Ethnography		Anthropology
#10010458	Law		Law, social and behavioral sciences
#10010459	Psychology		Law, social and behavioral sciences
#10010460	Economics		Law, social and behavioral sciences
#10010461	Sociology		Law, social and behavioral sciences
#10010462	Computer forensics	Surveillance mechanisms Investigation techniques Evidence collection, storage and analysis Network forensics System forensics Data recovery	Applied computing
#10010463	Surveillance mechanisms		Computer forensics
#10010464	Investigation techniques		Computer forensics
#10010465	Evidence collection, storage and analysis		Computer forensics
#10010466	Network forensics		Computer forensics
#10010467	System forensics		Computer forensics
#10010468	Data recovery		Computer forensics
#10010469	Arts and humanities	Fine arts Performing arts Architecture (buildings) Language translation Media arts Sound and music computing	Applied computing
#10010470	Fine arts		Arts and humanities
#10010471	Performing arts		Arts and humanities
#10010472	Architecture (buildings)	Computer-aided design	Arts and humanities
#10010473	Language translation		Arts and humanities
#10010474	Media arts		Arts and humanities
#10010475	Sound and music computing		Arts and humanities
#10010476	Computers in other domains	Digital libraries and archives Publishing Military Cartography Agriculture Computing in government Personal computers and PC applications	Applied computing
#10010477	Publishing		Computers in other domains
#10010478	Military	Cyberwarfare	Computers in other domains
#10010479	Cartography		Computers in other domains
#10010480	Agriculture		Computers in other domains
#10010481	Operations research	Consumer products Industry and manufacturing Computer-aided manufacturing Decision analysis Transportation Forecasting Marketing	Applied computing
#10010482	Industry and manufacturing	Supply chain management Command and control	Operations research
#10010483	Computer-aided manufacturing		Operations research
#10010484	Decision analysis		Operations research
#10010485	Transportation		Operations research
#10010486	Command and control		Industry and manufacturing
#10010487	Forecasting		Operations research
#10010488	Marketing		Operations research
#10010489	Education	Digital libraries and archives Computer-assisted instruction Interactive learning environments Collaborative learning Learning management systems Distance learning E-learning Computer-managed instruction	Applied computing
#10010490	Computer-assisted instruction		Education
#10010491	Interactive learning environments		Education
#10010492	Collaborative learning		Education
#10010493	Learning management systems		Education
#10010494	Distance learning		Education
#10010495	E-learning		Education
#10010496	Computer-managed instruction		Education
#10010497	Document management and text processing	Document searching Document management Document capture Document preparation	Applied computing
#10010498	Document searching		Document management and text processing
#10010500	Document management	Text editing Version control Document metadata	Document management and text processing
#10010501	Text editing		Document management
#10010502	Version control		Document management
#10010503	Document metadata		Document management
#10010504	Document capture	Document analysis Document scanning Graphics recognition and interpretation Optical character recognition Online handwriting recognition	Document management and text processing
#10010505	Document analysis		Document capture
#10010506	Document scanning		Document capture
#10010507	Graphics recognition and interpretation		Document capture
#10010508	Optical character recognition		Document capture
#10010509	Online handwriting recognition		Document capture
#10010510	Document preparation	Markup languages Annotation Format and notation Multi / mixed media creation Image composition Hypertext / hypermedia creation Document scripting languages	Document management and text processing
#10010512	Markup languages	Extensible Markup Language (XML) Hypertext languages	Document preparation Context specific languages Web data description languages
#10010513	Annotation		Document preparation
#10010514	Format and notation		Document preparation
#10010515	Multi / mixed media creation		Document preparation
#10010516	Image composition		Document preparation
#10010517	Scripting languages		Context specific languages
#10010518	Temporal data		Data model extensions
#10010519	Social networking sites		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools
#10010520	Computer systems organization	Architectures Embedded and cyber-physical systems Real-time systems Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10010521	Architectures	Serial architectures Parallel architectures Distributed architectures Other architectures	Computer systems organization
#10010522	Serial architectures	Reduced instruction set computing Complex instruction set computing Superscalar architectures Pipeline computing Stack machines	Architectures
#10010523	Reduced instruction set computing		Serial architectures
#10010524	Complex instruction set computing		Serial architectures
#10010525	Superscalar architectures		Serial architectures
#10010526	Pipeline computing		Serial architectures
#10010527	Stack machines		Serial architectures
#10010528	Parallel architectures	Very long instruction word Interconnection architectures Multiple instruction, multiple data Cellular architectures Multiple instruction, single data Single instruction, multiple data Systolic arrays Multicore architectures	Architectures
#10010529	Very long instruction word		Parallel architectures
#10010530	Interconnection architectures		Parallel architectures
#10010531	Multiple instruction, multiple data		Parallel architectures
#10010532	Cellular architectures		Parallel architectures
#10010533	Multiple instruction, single data		Parallel architectures
#10010534	Single instruction, multiple data		Parallel architectures
#10010535	Systolic arrays		Parallel architectures
#10010536	Multicore architectures		Parallel architectures
#10010537	Distributed architectures	Cloud computing Client-server architectures n-tier architectures Peer-to-peer architectures Grid computing	Architectures
#10010538	Client-server architectures		Distributed architectures Distributed systems organizing principles
#10010539	n-tier architectures		Software architectures Distributed architectures
#10010540	Peer-to-peer architectures		Distributed architectures Software architectures
#10010541	Grid computing		Distributed systems organizing principles Distributed architectures
#10010542	Other architectures	Neural networks Reconfigurable computing Analog computers Data flow architectures Heterogeneous (hybrid) systems Self-organizing autonomic computing Optical computing Quantum computing Molecular computing High-level language architectures Special purpose systems	Architectures
#10010543	Reconfigurable computing		Other architectures
#10010544	Analog computers		Other architectures
#10010545	Data flow architectures		Other architectures Software architectures
#10010546	Heterogeneous (hybrid) systems		Other architectures
#10010548	Self-organizing autonomic computing		Other architectures
#10010549	Optical computing		Other architectures
#10010550	Quantum computing		Other architectures
#10010551	Molecular computing		Other architectures
#10010553	Embedded and cyber-physical systems	Sensor networks Robotics Sensors and actuators System on a chip Embedded systems	Computer systems organization
#10010554	Robotics	Robotic components Robotic control Robotic autonomy External interfaces for robotics	Embedded and cyber-physical systems
#10010555	Robotic components		Robotics
#10010556	Robotic control		Robotics
#10010557	Robotic autonomy		Robotics
#10010558	External interfaces for robotics		Robotics
#10010559	Sensors and actuators		Embedded and cyber-physical systems Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010560	System on a chip		Embedded and cyber-physical systems Design reuse and communication-based design
#10010561	Firmware		Embedded systems
#10010562	Embedded systems	Firmware Embedded hardware Embedded software	Embedded and cyber-physical systems
#10010563	Embedded hardware		Embedded systems
#10010564	Embedded software		Embedded systems Software system structures
#10010570	Real-time systems	Real-time operating systems Real-time languages Real-time system specification Real-time system architecture	Computer systems organization
#10010571	Real-time operating systems		Real-time systems
#10010572	Real-time languages		Real-time systems
#10010573	Real-time system specification		Real-time systems
#10010574	Real-time system architecture		Real-time systems
#10010575	Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks	Reliability Availability Maintainability and maintenance Processors and memory architectures Secondary storage organization Redundancy Fault-tolerant network topologies	Computer systems organization
#10010577	Reliability		Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10010578	Availability		Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10010579	Maintainability and maintenance		Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10010580	Processors and memory architectures		Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10010581	Secondary storage organization		Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10010582	Ad hoc networks	Mobile ad hoc networks	Network types
#10010583	Hardware	Printed circuit boards Communication hardware, interfaces and storage Integrated circuits Very large scale integration design Power and energy Electronic design automation Hardware validation Hardware test Robustness Emerging technologies
#10010584	Printed circuit boards	Electromagnetic interference and compatibility PCB design and layout	Hardware
#10010585	Electromagnetic interference and compatibility		Printed circuit boards
#10010586	Thermal issues	Temperature monitoring Temperature simulation and estimation Temperature control Temperature optimization	Power and energy
#10010587	PCB design and layout		Printed circuit boards
#10010588	Communication hardware, interfaces and storage	Signal processing systems Sensors and actuators Buses and high-speed links Displays and imagers External storage Networking hardware Printers Sensor applications and deployments Sensor devices and platforms Sound-based input / output Tactile and hand-based interfaces Scanners Wireless devices Wireless integrated network sensors Electro-mechanical devices	Hardware
#10010590	Buses and high-speed links		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010591	Displays and imagers		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage Interaction devices
#10010592	External storage		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010593	Networking hardware		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010594	Printers		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010595	Sensor applications and deployments		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010596	Sensor devices and platforms		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010597	Sound-based input / output		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage Interaction devices
#10010598	Tactile and hand-based interfaces	Touch screens Haptic devices	Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10010600	Integrated circuits	3D integrated circuits Interconnect Semiconductor memory Digital switches Logic circuits Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs	Hardware
#10010601	3D integrated circuits		Integrated circuits Very large scale integration design
#10010602	Interconnect	Input / output circuits Metallic interconnect Photonic and optical interconnect Radio frequency and wireless interconnect	Integrated circuits
#10010603	Input / output circuits		Interconnect
#10010604	Metallic interconnect		Interconnect
#10010605	Photonic and optical interconnect		Interconnect
#10010606	Radio frequency and wireless interconnect		Interconnect
#10010607	Semiconductor memory	Dynamic memory Static memory Non-volatile memory Read-only memory	Integrated circuits
#10010608	Dynamic memory		Semiconductor memory
#10010609	Static memory		Semiconductor memory
#10010610	Non-volatile memory		Semiconductor memory
#10010611	Read-only memory		Semiconductor memory
#10010612	Digital switches	Transistors Logic families	Integrated circuits
#10010613	Transistors		Digital switches
#10010614	Logic families		Digital switches
#10010615	Logic circuits	Arithmetic and datapath circuits Asynchronous circuits Combinational circuits Design modules and hierarchy Finite state machines Sequential circuits	Integrated circuits
#10010616	Arithmetic and datapath circuits		Logic circuits
#10010617	Asynchronous circuits		Logic circuits
#10010618	Combinational circuits		Logic circuits
#10010619	Design modules and hierarchy		Logic circuits
#10010620	Finite state machines		Logic circuits
#10010621	Sequential circuits		Logic circuits
#10010622	Abstract machines		Models of computation
#10010624	Quantum communication complexity		Quantum computation theory
#10010625	Quantum query complexity		Quantum computation theory
#10010626	Quantum information theory		Quantum computation theory
#10010628	Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs	Hardware accelerators High-speed input / output Programmable logic elements Programmable interconnect Reconfigurable logic applications	Integrated circuits
#10010629	Hardware accelerators		Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs
#10010630	High-speed input / output		Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs
#10010631	Programmable logic elements		Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs
#10010632	Programmable interconnect		Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs
#10010633	Very large scale integration design	3D integrated circuits Analog and mixed-signal circuits Application-specific VLSI designs Design reuse and communication-based design Design rules Economics of chip design and manufacturing Full-custom circuits VLSI design manufacturing considerations On-chip resource management On-chip sensors Standard cell libraries VLSI packaging VLSI system specification and constraints	Hardware
#10010634	Analog and mixed-signal circuits	Data conversion Clock generation and timing Analog and mixed-signal circuit optimization Radio frequency and wireless circuits Wireline communication Analog and mixed-signal circuit synthesis	Very large scale integration design
#10010635	Data conversion		Analog and mixed-signal circuits
#10010636	Clock generation and timing		Analog and mixed-signal circuits
#10010637	Analog and mixed-signal circuit optimization		Analog and mixed-signal circuits
#10010638	Radio frequency and wireless circuits		Analog and mixed-signal circuits
#10010639	Wireline communication		Analog and mixed-signal circuits
#10010640	Application-specific VLSI designs	Application specific integrated circuits Application specific instruction set processors Application specific processors	Very large scale integration design
#10010641	Application specific integrated circuits		Application-specific VLSI designs
#10010642	Application specific instruction set processors		Application-specific VLSI designs
#10010643	Application specific processors		Application-specific VLSI designs
#10010645	Design reuse and communication-based design	Network on chip System on a chip Platform-based design Hard and soft IP	Very large scale integration design
#10010646	Soft intellectual property		Intellectual property
#10010648	Platform-based design		Design reuse and communication-based design
#10010649	Design rules		Very large scale integration design
#10010650	Economics of chip design and manufacturing		Very large scale integration design
#10010651	Full-custom circuits		Very large scale integration design
#10010652	VLSI design manufacturing considerations		Very large scale integration design
#10010653	On-chip resource management		Very large scale integration design
#10010654	On-chip sensors		Very large scale integration design
#10010655	Standard cell libraries		Very large scale integration design
#10010656	VLSI packaging	Die and wafer stacking Input / output styles Multi-chip modules Package-level interconnect	Very large scale integration design
#10010657	Die and wafer stacking		VLSI packaging
#10010658	Input / output styles		VLSI packaging
#10010659	VLSI system specification and constraints		Very large scale integration design
#10010660	Multi-chip modules		VLSI packaging
#10010661	Package-level interconnect		VLSI packaging
#10010662	Power and energy	Thermal issues Energy generation and storage Energy distribution Impact on the environment Power estimation and optimization	Hardware
#10010663	Energy generation and storage	Batteries Fuel-based energy Renewable energy Reusable energy storage	Power and energy
#10010664	Batteries		Energy generation and storage
#10010665	Fuel-based energy		Energy generation and storage
#10010666	Renewable energy		Energy generation and storage
#10010667	Reusable energy storage		Energy generation and storage
#10010668	Energy distribution	Energy metering Power conversion Power networks Smart grid	Power and energy
#10010669	Energy metering		Energy distribution
#10010670	Power conversion		Energy distribution
#10010671	Power networks		Energy distribution
#10010672	Smart grid		Energy distribution
#10010673	Impact on the environment		Power and energy
#10010674	Power estimation and optimization	Switching devices power issues Interconnect power issues Circuits power issues Chip-level power issues Platform power issues Enterprise level and data centers power issues	Power and energy
#10010678	Temperature monitoring		Thermal issues
#10010679	Temperature simulation and estimation		Thermal issues
#10010680	Temperature control		Thermal issues
#10010681	Temperature optimization		Thermal issues
#10010682	Electronic design automation	High-level and register-transfer level synthesis Hardware description languages and compilation Logic synthesis Modeling and parameter extraction Physical design (EDA) Timing analysis Methodologies for EDA	Hardware
#10010684	High-level and register-transfer level synthesis	Datapath optimization Hardware-software codesign Resource binding and sharing Operations scheduling	Electronic design automation
#10010685	Datapath optimization		High-level and register-transfer level synthesis
#10010686	Hardware-software codesign		High-level and register-transfer level synthesis
#10010687	Resource binding and sharing		High-level and register-transfer level synthesis
#10010688	Scheduling		Process management
#10010689	Hardware description languages and compilation		Electronic design automation
#10010690	Logic synthesis	Combinational synthesis Circuit optimization Sequential synthesis Technology-mapping Transistor-level synthesis	Electronic design automation
#10010691	Combinational synthesis		Logic synthesis
#10010692	Circuit optimization		Logic synthesis
#10010693	Sequential synthesis		Logic synthesis
#10010694	Technology-mapping		Logic synthesis
#10010695	Transistor-level synthesis		Logic synthesis
#10010696	Modeling and parameter extraction		Electronic design automation
#10010697	Physical design (EDA)	Clock-network synthesis Packaging Partitioning and floorplanning Placement Physical synthesis Power grid design Wire routing	Electronic design automation
#10010698	Clock-network synthesis		Physical design (EDA)
#10010699	Packaging		Physical design (EDA)
#10010700	Partitioning and floorplanning		Physical design (EDA)
#10010701	Placement		Physical design (EDA)
#10010702	Physical synthesis		Physical design (EDA)
#10010703	Power grid design		Physical design (EDA)
#10010704	Wire routing		Physical design (EDA)
#10010705	Timing analysis	Electrical-level simulation Model-order reduction Compact delay models Static timing analysis Statistical timing analysis Transition-based timing analysis	Electronic design automation
#10010706	Electrical-level simulation		Timing analysis
#10010707	Model-order reduction		Timing analysis
#10010708	Compact delay models		Timing analysis
#10010709	Static timing analysis		Timing analysis
#10010710	Statistical timing analysis		Timing analysis
#10010711	Transition-based timing analysis		Timing analysis
#10010712	Methodologies for EDA	Best practices for EDA Design databases for EDA Software tools for EDA	Electronic design automation
#10010713	Best practices for EDA		Methodologies for EDA
#10010714	Design databases for EDA		Methodologies for EDA
#10010715	Software tools for EDA		Methodologies for EDA
#10010717	Hardware validation	Functional verification Physical verification Post-manufacture validation and debug	Hardware
#10010721	Functional verification	Model checking Coverage metrics Equivalence checking Semi-formal verification Simulation and emulation Transaction-level verification Theorem proving and SAT solving Assertion checking	Hardware validation
#10010722	Coverage metrics		Functional verification
#10010723	Equivalence checking		Functional verification
#10010724	Semi-formal verification		Functional verification
#10010725	Simulation and emulation		Functional verification
#10010726	Transaction-level verification		Functional verification
#10010727	Theorem proving and SAT solving		Functional verification
#10010728	Physical verification	Design rule checking Layout-versus-schematics Power and thermal analysis Timing analysis and sign-off	Hardware validation
#10010729	Design rule checking		Physical verification
#10010730	Layout-versus-schematics		Physical verification
#10010731	Power and thermal analysis		Physical verification
#10010732	Timing analysis and sign-off		Physical verification
#10010733	Post-manufacture validation and debug	Bug detection, localization and diagnosis Bug fixing (hardware) Design for debug	Hardware validation
#10010734	Bug detection, localization and diagnosis		Post-manufacture validation and debug
#10010735	Bug fixing (hardware)		Post-manufacture validation and debug
#10010736	Design for debug		Post-manufacture validation and debug
#10010737	Hardware test	Analog, mixed-signal and radio frequency test Board- and system-level test Defect-based test Design for testability Fault models and test metrics Memory test and repair Hardware reliability screening Test-pattern generation and fault simulation Testing with distributed and parallel systems	Hardware
#10010738	Analog, mixed-signal and radio frequency test		Hardware test
#10010739	Board- and system-level test		Hardware test
#10010740	Defect-based test		Hardware test
#10010741	Built-in self-test		Design for testability
#10010742	Online test and diagnostics		Design for testability
#10010743	Test data compression		Design for testability
#10010744	Design for testability	Built-in self-test Online test and diagnostics Test data compression	Hardware test
#10010745	Fault models and test metrics		Hardware test
#10010746	Memory test and repair		Hardware test
#10010747	Hardware reliability screening		Hardware test
#10010748	Test-pattern generation and fault simulation		Hardware test
#10010749	Testing with distributed and parallel systems		Hardware test
#10010750	Robustness	Fault tolerance Design for manufacturability Hardware reliability Safety critical systems	Hardware
#10010751	Fault tolerance	Error detection and error correction Failure prediction Failure recovery, maintenance and self-repair Redundancy Self-checking mechanisms System-level fault tolerance	Robustness
#10010752	Error detection and error correction		Fault tolerance Network reliability
#10010753	Failure prediction		Fault tolerance
#10010754	Failure recovery, maintenance and self-repair		Fault tolerance
#10010755	Redundancy		Fault tolerance Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10010756	Self-checking mechanisms		Fault tolerance
#10010757	System-level fault tolerance		Fault tolerance
#10010758	Design for manufacturability	Process variations Yield and cost modeling Yield and cost optimization	Robustness
#10010759	Process variations		Design for manufacturability
#10010760	Yield and cost modeling		Design for manufacturability
#10010761	Yield and cost optimization		Design for manufacturability
#10010762	Hardware reliability	Aging of circuits and systems Circuit hardening Early-life failures and infant mortality Process, voltage and temperature variations Signal integrity and noise analysis Transient errors and upsets	Robustness
#10010763	Aging of circuits and systems		Hardware reliability
#10010764	Circuit hardening		Hardware reliability
#10010765	Early-life failures and infant mortality		Hardware reliability
#10010766	Process, voltage and temperature variations		Hardware reliability
#10010767	Signal integrity and noise analysis		Hardware reliability
#10010768	Transient errors and upsets		Hardware reliability
#10010769	Safety critical systems		Robustness
#10010777	Hardware attacks and countermeasures	Malicious design modifications Side-channel analysis and countermeasures	Security in hardware
#10010779	Malicious design modifications		Hardware attacks and countermeasures
#10010786	Emerging technologies	Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems Biology-related information processing Circuit substrates Electromechanical systems Emerging interfaces Memory and dense storage Emerging optical and photonic technologies Reversible logic Plasmonics Quantum technologies Spintronics and magnetic technologies	Hardware
#10010787	Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems	Emerging architectures Emerging languages and compilers Emerging simulation Emerging tools and methodologies	Emerging technologies
#10010788	Emerging architectures		Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems
#10010789	Emerging languages and compilers		Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems
#10010790	Emerging simulation		Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems
#10010791	Emerging tools and methodologies		Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems
#10010792	Biology-related information processing	Bio-embedded electronics Neural systems	Emerging technologies
#10010794	Bio-embedded electronics		Biology-related information processing
#10010798	Neural systems		Biology-related information processing
#10010799	Circuit substrates	III-V compounds Carbon based electronics Cellular neural networks Flexible and printable circuits Superconducting circuits	Emerging technologies
#10010800	III-V compounds		Circuit substrates
#10010801	Carbon based electronics		Circuit substrates
#10010802	Cellular neural networks		Circuit substrates
#10010803	Flexible and printable circuits		Circuit substrates
#10010804	Superconducting circuits		Circuit substrates
#10010805	Electromechanical systems	Microelectromechanical systems Nanoelectromechanical systems	Emerging technologies
#10010806	Microelectromechanical systems		Electromechanical systems
#10010807	Nanoelectromechanical systems		Electromechanical systems
#10010808	Emerging interfaces		Emerging technologies
#10010809	Memory and dense storage		Emerging technologies
#10010810	Emerging optical and photonic technologies		Emerging technologies
#10010811	Reversible logic		Emerging technologies
#10010812	Plasmonics		Emerging technologies
#10010813	Quantum technologies	Single electron devices Tunneling devices Quantum computation Quantum dots and cellular automata	Emerging technologies
#10010815	Single electron devices		Quantum technologies
#10010816	Tunneling devices		Quantum technologies
#10010817	Spintronics and magnetic technologies		Emerging technologies
#10010818	Network data models		Graph-based database models
#10010819	Physical data models		Database design and models
#10010820	Data model extensions	Semi-structured data Data streams Data provenance Incomplete data Temporal data Uncertainty Inconsistent data	Database design and models
#10010821	Uncertainty		Data model extensions
#10010822	Relational database query languages	Structured Query Language	Query languages
#10010823	Structured Query Language		Relational database query languages
#10010824	XML query languages	XPath XQuery	Query languages
#10010825	Query languages for non-relational engines	MapReduce languages	Query languages
#10010826	Call level interfaces		Query languages
#10010827	MapReduce languages		Query languages for non-relational engines
#10010828	Data scans		Data access methods
#10010829	Point lookups		Data access methods
#10010830	Unidimensional range search		Data access methods
#10010831	Proximity search		Data access methods
#10010832	Distributed database transactions	Distributed data locking Deadlocks Distributed database recovery	Database management system engines
#10010833	Distributed data locking		Distributed database transactions
#10010834	Deadlocks		Distributed database transactions Process management
#10010835	Distributed database recovery		Distributed database transactions
#10010836	Key-value stores		Parallel and distributed DBMSs
#10010837	MapReduce-based systems		Parallel and distributed DBMSs
#10010838	Relational parallel and distributed DBMSs		Parallel and distributed DBMSs
#10010839	Authorization		Security services
#10010840	Main memory engines		Database management system engines
#10010841	Online analytical processing engines		Database management system engines
#10010842	Stream management		Database management system engines
#10010843	Online analytical processing		Decision support systems
#10010846	Deep web		Data extraction and integration
#10010847	Surfacing		Data extraction and integration
#10010848	Search results deduplication		Data extraction and integration
#10010849	Service discovery and interfaces		Web services
#10010850	Adversarial retrieval		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10010851	Link and co-citation analysis		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10010852	Environment-specific retrieval	Enterprise search Desktop search Web and social media search	Specialized information retrieval
#10010853	Web and social media search		Environment-specific retrieval
#10010854	Usability testing		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10010855	Heuristic evaluations		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10010856	Walkthrough evaluations		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10010858	User interface design		Interaction design process and methods
#10010859	User centered design		Interaction design process and methods
#10010860	Interaction design process and methods	User interface design User centered design Activity centered design Scenario-based design Participatory design Contextual design Interface design prototyping	Interaction design
#10010862	Command line interfaces		Interaction paradigms
#10010865	Graphical user interfaces		Interaction paradigms
#10010866	Virtual reality		Interaction paradigms Graphics systems and interfaces
#10010868	Web-based interaction		Interaction paradigms
#10010869	Auditory feedback		Interaction techniques
#10010870	Natural language interfaces		Interaction paradigms
#10010872	Keyboards		Interaction devices
#10010873	Pointing devices		Interaction devices
#10010876	Software prototyping		Software verification and validation Software development techniques
#10010877	Activity centered design		Interaction design process and methods
#10010878	Rapid application development		Software development methods
#10010883	Scenario-based design		Interaction design process and methods
#10010885	User interface management systems		Interactive systems and tools
#10010887	Geographic visualization		Visualization application domains
#10010889	Treemaps		Visualization techniques
#10010890	Hyperbolic trees		Visualization techniques
#10010891	Heat maps		Visualization techniques
#10010892	Graph drawings		Visualization techniques
#10010893	Dendrograms		Visualization techniques
#10010894	Cladograms		Visualization techniques
#10010895	Smartphones		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010896	Interactive whiteboards		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010897	Mobile phones		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010898	Mobile devices		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010899	Portable media players		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010900	Personal digital assistants		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010901	Handheld game consoles		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010902	E-book readers		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010903	Tablet computers		Ubiquitous and mobile devices
#10010904	Ubiquitous computing		Ubiquitous and mobile computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10010905	Mobile computing		Ubiquitous and mobile computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10010906	Ambient intelligence		Ubiquitous and mobile computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10010910	Social navigation		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10010911	Participatory design		Interaction design process and methods
#10010912	Empirical studies		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10010913	Documentation		Software post-development issues
#10010914	Assertion checking		Functional verification
#10010915	Inconsistent data		Data model extensions
#10010916	Measurement		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10010917	Graph algorithms		Graph theory
#10010918	Approximation algorithms		Graph theory
#10010919	Distributed computing methodologies	Distributed algorithms Distributed programming languages	Computing methodologies
#10010920	Hypertext / hypermedia creation		Document preparation
#10010921	Sustainability		Computing industry
#10010922	Social tagging systems		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools
#10010923	Information visualization		Visualization application domains
#10010924	Public Internet		Network types
#10010925	Data centers		Enterprise information systems
#10010926	Computing platforms		Information systems applications
#10010927	User characteristics	Race and ethnicity Religious orientation Gender Sexual orientation People with disabilities Geographic characteristics Cultural characteristics Age	Social and professional topics
#10010928	Men		Gender
#10010929	Women		Gender
#10010930	Age	Children Seniors Adolescents	User characteristics
#10010931	Children		Age
#10010932	Seniors		Age
#10010933	Adolescents		Age
#10010934	Computational genomics		Computational biology Genomics
#10010935	Genetics	Population genetics Proteomics Transcriptomics	Life and medical sciences
#10010936	Computing in government	Voting / election technologies E-government	Computers in other domains
#10010938	E-government		Computing in government
#10010940	Software organization and properties	Contextual software domains Software system structures Software functional properties Extra-functional properties	Software and its engineering
#10010941	Contextual software domains	E-commerce infrastructure Software infrastructure Operating systems Virtual worlds software	Software organization and properties
#10010942	Software infrastructure	Interpreters Middleware Virtual machines	Contextual software domains
#10010943	Interpreters		Software infrastructure Compilers
#10010944	Middleware	Message oriented middleware Reflective middleware Embedded middleware	Software infrastructure
#10010945	Message oriented middleware		Middleware
#10010946	Reflective middleware		Middleware
#10010947	Embedded middleware		Middleware
#10010948	Virtual machines		Software infrastructure
#10010949	Operating systems	File systems management Memory management Process management Communications management	Contextual software domains
#10010950	Memory management	Virtual memory Main memory Allocation / deallocation strategies Garbage collection Distributed memory Secondary storage	Operating systems
#10010951	Virtual memory		Memory management
#10010952	Main memory		Memory management
#10010953	Allocation / deallocation strategies		Memory management
#10010954	Garbage collection		Memory management
#10010955	Distributed memory		Memory management
#10010956	Secondary storage		Memory management
#10010957	Process management	Scheduling Deadlocks Multithreading Multiprocessing / multiprogramming / multitasking Monitors Mutual exclusion Concurrency control Power management Process synchronization	Operating systems
#10010958	Multithreading		Process management
#10010959	Multiprocessing / multiprogramming / multitasking		Process management
#10010960	Monitors		Process management
#10010961	Synchronization		Correctness
#10010962	Mutual exclusion		Process management
#10010963	Concurrency control		Process management
#10010964	Power management		Process management
#10010965	Communications management	Buffering Input / output Message passing	Operating systems
#10010966	Buffering		Communications management
#10010967	Input / output		Communications management
#10010968	Message passing		Communications management
#10010969	Virtual worlds software	Interactive games Virtual worlds training simulations	Contextual software domains
#10010970	Interactive games		Virtual worlds software
#10010971	Software system structures	Embedded software Software architectures Software system models Ultra-large-scale systems Distributed systems organizing principles Real-time systems software Abstraction, modeling and modularity	Software organization and properties
#10010972	Software architectures	n-tier architectures Peer-to-peer architectures Data flow architectures Cooperating communicating processes Layered systems Publish-subscribe / event-based architectures Electronic blackboards Simulator / interpreter Object oriented architectures Tightly coupled architectures Space-based architectures 3-tier architectures	Software system structures
#10010973	Cooperating communicating processes		Software architectures
#10010974	Layered systems		Software architectures
#10010975	Publish-subscribe / event-based architectures		Software architectures
#10010976	Electronic blackboards		Software architectures
#10010978	Simulator / interpreter		Software architectures
#10010979	Object oriented architectures		Software architectures
#10010980	Software system models	Petri nets State systems Entity relationship modeling Model-driven software engineering Feature interaction Massively parallel systems	Software system structures
#10010981	Petri nets		Software system models
#10010982	State systems		Software system models
#10010983	Entity relationship modeling		Software system models
#10010984	Model-driven software engineering		Software system models
#10010985	Feature interaction		Software system models
#10010986	Massively parallel systems		Software system models
#10010988	Telecommunications	Internet telephony	Physical sciences and engineering
#10010989	Avionics		Electronics Aerospace
#10010990	Socio-technical systems		Computing and business
#10010991	Ultra-large-scale systems		Software system structures
#10010992	Software functional properties	Correctness Formal methods	Software organization and properties
#10010993	Correctness	Synchronization Functionality Real-time schedulability Consistency Completeness Access protection	Software functional properties
#10010994	Functionality		Correctness
#10010995	Real-time schedulability		Correctness
#10010996	Consistency		Correctness
#10010997	Completeness		Correctness
#10010998	Formal methods	Model checking Software verification Automated static analysis Dynamic analysis	Software functional properties
#10010999	Software verification		Formal methods
#10011000	Automated static analysis		Formal methods
#10011001	Dynamic analysis		Formal methods
#10011002	Software performance		Extra-functional properties
#10011003	Extra-functional properties	Interoperability Software performance Software reliability Software fault tolerance Software safety Software usability	Software organization and properties
#10011004	Software reliability		Extra-functional properties
#10011005	Software fault tolerance	Checkpoint / restart	Extra-functional properties
#10011006	Software notations and tools	General programming languages Formal language definitions Compilers Context specific languages System description languages Development frameworks and environments Software configuration management and version control systems Software libraries and repositories Software maintenance tools	Software and its engineering
#10011007	Software and its engineering	Software organization and properties Software notations and tools Software creation and management
#10011008	General programming languages	Language types Language features	Software notations and tools
#10011009	Language types	Parallel programming languages Distributed programming languages Imperative languages Object oriented languages Functional languages Concurrent programming languages Constraint and logic languages Data flow languages Extensible languages Assembly languages Multiparadigm languages Very high level languages	General programming languages
#10011010	Imperative languages		Language types
#10011011	Object oriented languages		Language types
#10011012	Functional languages		Language types
#10011014	Concurrent programming languages		Language types Concurrent computing methodologies
#10011015	Constraint and logic languages		Language types
#10011016	Data flow languages		Language types
#10011017	Domain specific languages		Context specific languages
#10011018	Design languages		System description languages
#10011019	Extensible languages		Language types
#10011020	Assembly languages		Language types
#10011021	Multiparadigm languages		Language types
#10011022	Very high level languages		Language types
#10011023	Specialized application languages		Context specific languages
#10011024	Language features	Abstract data types Polymorphism Inheritance Control structures Data types and structures Classes and objects Modules / packages Constraints Recursion Concurrent programming structures Procedures, functions and subroutines Patterns Coroutines Frameworks	General programming languages
#10011025	Polymorphism		Language features
#10011026	Inheritance		Language features
#10011027	Control structures		Language features
#10011028	Data types and structures		Language features
#10011029	Classes and objects		Language features
#10011031	Modules / packages		Language features
#10011032	Constraints		Language features
#10011033	Recursion		Language features
#10011034	Concurrent programming structures		Language features
#10011035	Procedures, functions and subroutines		Language features
#10011036	Patterns		Language features
#10011037	Coroutines		Language features
#10011038	Frameworks		Language features
#10011039	Formal language definitions	Syntax Semantics	Software notations and tools
#10011040	Syntax		Formal language definitions
#10011041	Compilers	Interpreters Incremental compilers Retargetable compilers Just-in-time compilers Dynamic compilers Translator writing systems and compiler generators Source code generation Runtime environments Preprocessors Parsers	Software notations and tools
#10011042	Incremental compilers		Compilers
#10011043	Retargetable compilers		Compilers
#10011044	Just-in-time compilers		Compilers
#10011045	Dynamic compilers		Compilers
#10011046	Translator writing systems and compiler generators		Compilers
#10011047	Source code generation		Compilers
#10011048	Runtime environments		Compilers
#10011049	Preprocessors		Compilers
#10011050	Context specific languages	Markup languages Scripting languages Domain specific languages Specialized application languages API languages Graphical user interface languages Window managers Command and control languages Macro languages Programming by example State based definitions Visual languages Interface definition languages	Software notations and tools
#10011051	API languages		Context specific languages
#10011052	Graphical user interface languages		Context specific languages
#10011053	Window managers		Context specific languages
#10011054	Command and control languages		Context specific languages
#10011055	Macro languages		Context specific languages
#10011056	Programming by example		Context specific languages
#10011057	State based definitions		Context specific languages
#10011058	Visual languages		Context specific languages
#10011059	Interface definition languages		Context specific languages
#10011060	System description languages	Design languages Unified Modeling Language (UML) Architecture description languages System modeling languages Orchestration languages Integration frameworks Specification languages	Software notations and tools
#10011061	Unified Modeling Language (UML)		System description languages
#10011062	Architecture description languages		System description languages
#10011063	System modeling languages		System description languages
#10011064	Orchestration languages		System description languages
#10011065	Integration frameworks		System description languages
#10011066	Development frameworks and environments	Object oriented frameworks Software as a service orchestration systems Integrated and visual development environments Application specific development environments	Software notations and tools
#10011067	Object oriented frameworks		Development frameworks and environments
#10011068	Software as a service orchestration systems		Development frameworks and environments
#10011069	Integrated and visual development environments		Development frameworks and environments
#10011070	Application specific development environments		Development frameworks and environments
#10011071	Software configuration management and version control systems		Software notations and tools
#10011072	Software libraries and repositories		Software notations and tools
#10011073	Software maintenance tools		Software notations and tools
#10011074	Software creation and management	Designing software Software development process management Software development techniques Software verification and validation Software post-development issues Collaboration in software development	Software and its engineering
#10011075	Designing software	Requirements analysis Software design engineering Software design tradeoffs Software implementation planning	Software creation and management
#10011076	Requirements analysis		Designing software
#10011077	Software design engineering		Designing software
#10011078	Software design tradeoffs		Designing software
#10011079	Software implementation planning	Software design techniques	Designing software
#10011080	Software design techniques		Software implementation planning
#10011081	Software development process management	Software development methods Risk management	Software creation and management
#10011082	Software development methods	Rapid application development Agile software development Capability Maturity Model Waterfall model Spiral model V-model Design patterns	Software development process management
#10011083	Agile software development		Software development methods
#10011084	Capability Maturity Model		Software development methods
#10011085	Waterfall model		Software development methods
#10011086	Spiral model		Software development methods
#10011087	V-model		Software development methods
#10011088	Design patterns		Software development methods
#10011091	Risk management		Software development process management
#10011092	Software development techniques	Software prototyping Object oriented development Flowcharts Reusability Error handling and recovery	Software creation and management
#10011093	Object oriented development		Software development techniques
#10011094	Flowcharts		Software development techniques
#10011096	Reusability	Software product lines	Software development techniques
#10011097	Software product lines		Reusability
#10011099	Software verification and validation	Software prototyping Operational analysis Software defect analysis Fault tree analysis Process validation Formal software verification Empirical software validation	Software creation and management
#10011100	Operational analysis		Software verification and validation
#10011101	Checkpoint / restart		Software fault tolerance
#10011102	Software defect analysis	Software testing and debugging	Software verification and validation
#10011103	Software testing and debugging		Software defect analysis
#10011104	Fault tree analysis		Software verification and validation
#10011105	Process validation	Walkthroughs Pair programming Use cases Acceptance testing Traceability	Software verification and validation
#10011106	Walkthroughs		Process validation
#10011107	Pair programming		Process validation
#10011108	Use cases		Process validation
#10011109	Acceptance testing		Process validation
#10011110	Traceability		Process validation
#10011111	Software post-development issues	Software reverse engineering Documentation Backup procedures Software evolution Software version control Maintaining software System administration	Software creation and management
#10011112	Backup procedures		Software post-development issues
#10011113	Software evolution		Software post-development issues
#10011114	Software safety		Extra-functional properties
#10011116	Tightly coupled architectures		Software architectures
#10011117	Space-based architectures		Software architectures
#10011119	Abstraction		Program reasoning Logic
#10011120	Distributed systems organizing principles	Cloud computing Client-server architectures Grid computing Organizing principles for web applications	Software system structures
#10011121	Contextual design		Interaction design process and methods
#10011122	Document types	Surveys and overviews Reference works General conference proceedings Biographies General literature Computing standards, RFCs and guidelines	General and reference
#10011123	Cross-computing tools and techniques	Reliability Empirical studies Measurement Metrics Evaluation Experimentation Estimation Design Performance Validation Verification	General and reference
#10011124	Metrics		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011130	Evaluation		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011131	Experimentation		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011133	Estimation		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011134	Collaboration in software development	Open source model Programming teams	Software creation and management
#10011135	Programming teams		Collaboration in software development
#10011136	Discrete optimization	Network optimization	Mathematical optimization
#10011137	Network optimization		Discrete optimization
#10011138	Continuous optimization	Linear programming Semidefinite programming Convex optimization Quasiconvex programming and unimodality Stochastic control and optimization Quadratic programming Nonconvex optimization	Mathematical optimization
#10011139	Quadratic programming		Continuous optimization
#10011140	Nonconvex optimization		Continuous optimization
#10011141	Mixed discrete-continuous optimization	Submodular optimization and polymatroids Integer programming	Mathematical optimization
#10011142	Middleware business process managers		Middleware for databases
#10011143	Hypertext languages		Markup languages
#10011147	Ontologies		Document representation
#10011148	Dictionaries		Document representation
#10011149	Thesauri		Document representation
#10011150	Privacy protections		Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
#10011152	Companies	Accenture Adobe Systems Incorporated Macromedia Advanced Information Systems Agere Systems, Inc. Agilent Technologies Alcatel-Lucent AOL, Inc. Apple, Inc. AT&T BAE Systems BEA Systems, Inc. Blizzard Entertainment Blue Sky Studios Borland Software Corporation CA Technologies Cable & Wireless Worldwide Cadence Design Systems China Telecom Corporation Limited Cisco Systems, Inc. Citrix Systems, Inc. Commerce One Compaq Computer Corporation Dell Computer Corporation DiamondCluster International, Inc. Digital Equipment Corporation EIS, Inc. EMC Corporation Ericsson Ernst & Young Forrester Research Gartner Group General Dynamics General Electric Google Inc. Hewlett-Packard Company Infineon Technologies Infusion Intel Corporation International Business Machines Corporation International Data Corporation (IDC) Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers Iona Technologies ITSS, Inc. Juniper Networks Lockheed Martin Corporation McKinsey & Company Microsoft Corporation National Instruments Corporation Nortel Networks Corporation Novell, Inc. Oracle Corporation Sun Microsystems Philips Semiconductors NXP Semiconductors Pixar Animation Studios Quest Software, Inc. Rational Software Corporation Research in Motion Limited RSA SAS Institute, Inc. Sega Corporation Siemens AG Silicon Graphics, Inc. SRI International Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited Telcordia Technologies Texas Instruments Inc. Toshiba Corporation Virage Logic Xerox Corporation Yahoo! Inc. Zilog, Inc. SANS Institute The Standish Group International, Inc. Virtual University Enterprises Corel Corporation eBay Inc. Motorola Solutions, Inc. Motorola Mobility, Inc. Motorola, Inc. Mozilla Corporation Nokia Corporation NVIDIA Corporation Sony Corporation Novell, Inc	Proper nouns: People, technologies and companies
#10011153	Accenture		Companies
#10011154	Adobe Systems Incorporated		Companies
#10011155	Macromedia		Companies
#10011156	Advanced Information Systems		Companies
#10011158	Agere Systems, Inc.		Companies
#10011159	Agilent Technologies		Companies
#10011160	Alcatel-Lucent	Bell Labs	Companies
#10011161	AOL, Inc.		Companies
#10011162	Apple, Inc.		Companies
#10011164	AT&T		Companies
#10011165	BAE Systems		Companies
#10011166	BEA Systems, Inc.		Companies
#10011167	Blizzard Entertainment		Companies
#10011168	Blue Sky Studios		Companies
#10011169	Borland Software Corporation		Companies
#10011170	CA Technologies		Companies
#10011171	Cable & Wireless Worldwide		Companies
#10011172	Cadence Design Systems		Companies
#10011174	China Telecom Corporation Limited		Companies
#10011176	Cisco Systems, Inc.		Companies
#10011177	Organizations	American Mathematical Society Association for Information Systems Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency National Academy of Sciences National Research Council American Statistical Association Ames Research Center American National Standards Institute Apache Software Foundation Argonne National Laboratory International Software Benchmarking Standards Group Limited Brazilian Computer Society British Computer Society Clay Mathematics Institute Computer History Museum International Computer Music Association Computer Press Association Computing Community Consortium Computing Research Association CSAB Computer Science Teachers Association TDWI Eclipse Foundation Electronic Frontier Foundation European Telecommunications Standards Institute Free Software Foundation International Game Developers Association International Organization for Standardization ITU Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences JISC Open Knowledge Society Langley Research Center Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Linux Professional Institute London Mathematical Society Los Alamos National Laboratory Max Planck Institutes National Center for Education Statistics National Institute of Standards and Technology National Science Foundation Oak Ridge National Laboratory Open Network Laboratory OSGi Alliance Operational Research Society Open Source Initiative Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Joint Photographic Experts Group Moving Picture Experts Group Transaction Processing Performance Council Royal Statistical Society San Diego Supercomputer Center Semiconductor Industry Association Software Engineering Institute SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Trusted Computing Group Computing Technology Industry Association The Open Group Viewpoints Research Institute Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. World Intellectual Property Organization Charles Babbage Institute ABET, Inc. Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences Electronic Visualization Laboratory European Network and Information Security Agency Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Jet Propulsion Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology National Academy of Engineering Patent and Trademark Office Sandia National Laboratories Systems Research Center IEEE Computer Society World Wide Web Consortium Association for Computing Machinery Mozilla Foundation National Institutes of Health Object Management Group Federal Communications Commission	Proper nouns: People, technologies and companies
#10011178	American Mathematical Society		Organizations
#10011179	Association for Information Systems		Organizations
#10011181	Citrix Systems, Inc.		Companies
#10011182	Commerce One		Companies
#10011183	Compaq Computer Corporation		Companies
#10011184	Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency		Organizations
#10011185	Dell Computer Corporation		Companies
#10011186	DiamondCluster International, Inc.		Companies
#10011187	Personal computers and PC applications	Word processors Spreadsheets Computer games Microcomputers	Computers in other domains
#10011188	Word processors		Personal computers and PC applications
#10011189	Spreadsheets		Personal computers and PC applications
#10011190	Computer games		Personal computers and PC applications
#10011191	Microcomputers		Personal computers and PC applications
#10011192	Verification by model checking		Logic
#10011193	Digital Equipment Corporation		Companies
#10011194	Regret bounds		Machine learning theory
#10011195	EIS, Inc.		Companies
#10011196	EMC Corporation		Companies
#10011197	Ericsson		Companies
#10011198	Ernst & Young		Companies
#10011199	Forrester Research		Companies
#10011200	Gartner Group		Companies
#10011201	General Dynamics		Companies
#10011202	General Electric		Companies
#10011203	Google Inc.		Companies
#10011204	Hewlett-Packard Company	HP Labs	Companies
#10011205	Infineon Technologies		Companies
#10011206	Infusion		Companies
#10011207	Intel Corporation		Companies
#10011208	International Business Machines Corporation	IBM Almaden Research Center The IBM Toronto Software Lab	Companies
#10011209	International Data Corporation (IDC)		Companies
#10011211	Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers		Companies
#10011212	Iona Technologies		Companies
#10011213	ITSS, Inc.		Companies
#10011214	Juniper Networks		Companies
#10011215	Lockheed Martin Corporation		Companies
#10011216	McKinsey & Company		Companies
#10011217	Microsoft Corporation		Companies
#10011218	MIT Media Lab	Personal Robots Group	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
#10011220	National Academy of Sciences		Organizations
#10011221	National Instruments Corporation		Companies
#10011222	National Research Council		Organizations
#10011223	Nortel Networks Corporation		Companies
#10011224	Novell, Inc.		Companies
#10011226	Oracle Corporation		Companies
#10011227	Sun Microsystems		Companies
#10011228	Philips Semiconductors		Companies
#10011229	NXP Semiconductors		Companies
#10011230	Pixar Animation Studios		Companies
#10011231	Quest Software, Inc.		Companies
#10011232	Rational Software Corporation		Companies
#10011233	Research in Motion Limited		Companies
#10011235	RSA		Companies
#10011236	SAS Institute, Inc.		Companies
#10011237	Sega Corporation		Companies
#10011238	Siemens AG		Companies
#10011239	Silicon Graphics, Inc.		Companies
#10011240	SRI International		Companies
#10011242	Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation		Companies
#10011243	Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited		Companies
#10011244	Telcordia Technologies		Companies
#10011245	Texas Instruments Inc.		Companies
#10011247	Toshiba Corporation		Companies
#10011248	Virage Logic		Companies
#10011249	Xerox Corporation	PARC	Companies
#10011250	Yahoo! Inc.		Companies
#10011252	Zilog, Inc.		Companies
#10011253	Computational advertising theory		Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
#10011254	Algorithm design techniques	Backtracking Branch-and-bound Divide and conquer Dynamic programming Preconditioning	Design and analysis of algorithms
#10011255	Backtracking		Algorithm design techniques
#10011256	Branch-and-bound		Algorithm design techniques
#10011257	Divide and conquer		Algorithm design techniques
#10011258	Dynamic programming		Algorithm design techniques
#10011259	Preconditioning		Algorithm design techniques
#10011260	American Statistical Association		Organizations
#10011261	Ames Research Center		Organizations
#10011262	American National Standards Institute		Organizations
#10011263	Apache Software Foundation		Organizations
#10011264	Argonne National Laboratory		Organizations
#10011265	International Software Benchmarking Standards Group Limited		Organizations
#10011266	Brazilian Computer Society		Organizations
#10011267	British Computer Society		Organizations
#10011269	Clay Mathematics Institute		Organizations
#10011270	Computer History Museum		Organizations
#10011271	International Computer Music Association		Organizations
#10011272	Computer Press Association		Organizations
#10011273	Computing Community Consortium		Organizations
#10011274	Computing Research Association		Organizations
#10011275	CSAB		Organizations
#10011276	Computer Science Teachers Association		Organizations
#10011277	TDWI		Organizations
#10011278	Eclipse Foundation		Organizations
#10011279	Electronic Frontier Foundation		Organizations
#10011280	European Telecommunications Standards Institute		Organizations
#10011281	Free Software Foundation		Organizations
#10011282	International Game Developers Association		Organizations
#10011283	International Organization for Standardization		Organizations
#10011284	ITU		Organizations
#10011285	Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences		Organizations
#10011286	JISC		Organizations
#10011287	Open Knowledge Society		Organizations
#10011288	Langley Research Center		Organizations
#10011289	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory		Organizations
#10011290	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory		Organizations
#10011291	Linux Professional Institute		Organizations
#10011292	London Mathematical Society		Organizations
#10011293	Los Alamos National Laboratory		Organizations
#10011294	Max Planck Institutes		Organizations
#10011295	Scene anomaly detection		Computer vision tasks
#10011296	National Center for Education Statistics		Organizations
#10011297	National Institute of Standards and Technology		Organizations
#10011298	National Science Foundation		Organizations
#10011299	Oak Ridge National Laboratory		Organizations
#10011300	Open Network Laboratory		Organizations
#10011301	OSGi Alliance		Organizations
#10011302	Operational Research Society		Organizations
#10011303	Open Source Initiative		Organizations
#10011304	Active learning settings		Learning settings
#10011305	Semi-supervised learning settings		Learning settings
#10011306	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory		Organizations
#10011307	PARC		Xerox Corporation
#10011308	Joint Photographic Experts Group		Organizations
#10011309	Moving Picture Experts Group		Organizations
#10011310	Simulation by animation		Simulation types and techniques
#10011311	Semantics		Formal language definitions
#10011312	Transaction Processing Performance Council		Organizations
#10011313	Royal Statistical Society		Organizations
#10011314	San Diego Supercomputer Center		Organizations
#10011316	Semiconductor Industry Association		Organizations
#10011317	Software Engineering Institute		Organizations
#10011318	SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory		Organizations
#10011319	Trusted Computing Group		Organizations
#10011320	Computing Technology Industry Association		Organizations
#10011321	The Open Group		Organizations
#10011322	Viewpoints Research Institute		Organizations
#10011323	Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.		Organizations
#10011324	World Intellectual Property Organization		Organizations
#10011325	IBM Almaden Research Center		International Business Machines Corporation
#10011327	Charles Babbage Institute		Organizations
#10011328	ABET, Inc.	Computing Accreditation Commission	Organizations
#10011329	Computing Accreditation Commission		ABET, Inc.
#10011330	Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences		Organizations
#10011332	Electronic Visualization Laboratory		Organizations
#10011333	European Network and Information Security Agency		Organizations
#10011335	Human Factors and Ergonomics Society		Organizations
#10011336	Jet Propulsion Laboratory		Organizations
#10011337	Massachusetts Institute of Technology	MIT Media Lab	Organizations
#10011338	National Academy of Engineering		Organizations
#10011339	Patent and Trademark Office		Organizations
#10011340	Personal Robots Group		MIT Media Lab
#10011341	Sandia National Laboratories		Organizations
#10011342	SANS Institute		Companies
#10011343	Systems Research Center		Organizations
#10011344	IEEE Computer Society	Test Technology Technical Council	Organizations
#10011345	Test Technology Technical Council		IEEE Computer Society
#10011346	The Standish Group International, Inc.		Companies
#10011347	The IBM Toronto Software Lab		International Business Machines Corporation
#10011348	Virtual University Enterprises		Companies
#10011349	World Wide Web Consortium		Organizations
#10011350	People in computing	A. van Wijngaarden Ada Lovelace Alan Cooper Alan J. Perlis Alan Mathison Turing Allen Kent Allen Newell Andrew S. Grove Barbara Liskov Barry W. Boehm Bill Gates Bill Joy Bill Millard Bjarne Stroustrup Bruce Schneier C. A. R. Hoare Charles Babbage Charles Tandy Claude Elwood Shannon Clive Sinclair David Hilbert Donald Ervin Knuth Edmund Callis Berkeley Elliot Irving Organick Gary McGraw Georg Scheutz Grace Murray Hopper H. D. Goode Herbert A. Simon Herbert R. J. Grosch Herman Hollerith J. Presper Eckert J. H. Wilkinson Jay Wright Forrester John Vincent Atanasoff John Cocke John Sculley John Von Neumann John W. Mauchly Konrad Zuse Marvin Lee Minsky Maurice V. Wilkes Richard M. Karp Robert R. Everett Steve Jobs Thomas J. Watson Thomas Watson, Jr. William C. Norris An'an Wang David Sarnoff Douglas R. Hofstadter Herman H. Goldstine J. Richard Buchi Kazimierz Kuratowski Kurt Godel Marian Smoluchowski Stefan Banach Gordon Bell James Gosling John McCarthy Linus Torvalds Mark D. Weiser Peter J. Denning Peter Norton R. Milner Seymour Papert Alan Curtis Kay David Patterson Harvey M. Deitel Ivar Jacobson Jakob Nielsen Jim Blinn Jim Gray Jon Kleinberg Kent Beck Martin Fowler Vannevar Bush Edvard Scheutz Harry H. Goode John R. Pasta Blaise Pascal Cyril W. Cleverdon Gene H. Golub	Proper nouns: People, technologies and companies
#10011351	A. van Wijngaarden		People in computing
#10011352	Ada Lovelace		People in computing
#10011353	Alan Cooper		People in computing
#10011354	Alan J. Perlis		People in computing
#10011355	Alan Mathison Turing		People in computing
#10011357	Allen Kent		People in computing
#10011358	Allen Newell		People in computing
#10011361	Andrew S. Grove		People in computing
#10011363	Barbara Liskov		People in computing
#10011364	Barry W. Boehm		People in computing
#10011367	Bill Gates		People in computing
#10011369	Bill Joy		People in computing
#10011370	Bill Millard		People in computing
#10011371	Bjarne Stroustrup		People in computing
#10011373	Association for Computing Machinery		Organizations
#10011376	Bruce Schneier		People in computing
#10011377	C. A. R. Hoare		People in computing
#10011378	Charles Babbage		People in computing
#10011380	Charles Tandy		People in computing
#10011381	Claude Elwood Shannon		People in computing
#10011382	Clive Sinclair		People in computing
#10011384	David Hilbert		People in computing
#10011385	Donald Ervin Knuth		People in computing
#10011386	Edmund Callis Berkeley		People in computing
#10011387	Elliot Irving Organick		People in computing
#10011388	Gary McGraw		People in computing
#10011389	Georg Scheutz		People in computing
#10011390	Grace Murray Hopper		People in computing
#10011391	H. D. Goode		People in computing
#10011392	Herbert A. Simon		People in computing
#10011393	Herbert R. J. Grosch		People in computing
#10011394	Herman Hollerith		People in computing
#10011395	J. Presper Eckert		People in computing
#10011396	J. H. Wilkinson		People in computing
#10011397	Jay Wright Forrester		People in computing
#10011398	John Vincent Atanasoff		People in computing
#10011400	John Cocke		People in computing
#10011401	John Sculley		People in computing
#10011402	John Von Neumann		People in computing
#10011403	John W. Mauchly		People in computing
#10011404	Konrad Zuse		People in computing
#10011405	Marvin Lee Minsky		People in computing
#10011406	Maurice V. Wilkes		People in computing
#10011407	Richard M. Karp		People in computing
#10011408	Robert R. Everett		People in computing
#10011409	Steve Jobs		People in computing
#10011410	Thomas J. Watson		People in computing
#10011411	Thomas Watson, Jr.		People in computing
#10011412	William C. Norris		People in computing
#10011413	An'an Wang		People in computing
#10011414	David Sarnoff		People in computing
#10011415	Douglas R. Hofstadter		People in computing
#10011416	Herman H. Goldstine		People in computing
#10011417	J. Richard Buchi		People in computing
#10011418	Kazimierz Kuratowski		People in computing
#10011419	Kurt Godel		People in computing
#10011420	Marian Smoluchowski		People in computing
#10011421	Stefan Banach		People in computing
#10011422	Gordon Bell		People in computing
#10011423	James Gosling		People in computing
#10011424	John McCarthy		People in computing
#10011425	Linus Torvalds		People in computing
#10011426	Mark D. Weiser		People in computing
#10011427	Peter J. Denning		People in computing
#10011428	Peter Norton		People in computing
#10011429	R. Milner		People in computing
#10011430	Seymour Papert		People in computing
#10011431	Alan Curtis Kay		People in computing
#10011432	David Patterson		People in computing
#10011433	Harvey M. Deitel		People in computing
#10011434	Ivar Jacobson		People in computing
#10011435	Jakob Nielsen		People in computing
#10011436	Jim Blinn		People in computing
#10011437	Jim Gray		People in computing
#10011438	Jon Kleinberg		People in computing
#10011439	Kent Beck		People in computing
#10011440	Martin Fowler		People in computing
#10011441	Vannevar Bush		People in computing
#10011442	Edvard Scheutz		People in computing
#10011443	Harry H. Goode		People in computing
#10011444	John R. Pasta		People in computing
#10011445	Technologies	ActionScript ActiveX Ada language Photoshop Ajax AppleScript AutoCAD BASIC Bluetooth Cell Broadband Engine CMOS CORBA Datalog DB2 DOS Dreamweaver DVDs Eclipse Ethernet Excel CD-ROMs Facebook Internet Explorer Chrome Firefox Flickr Fortran Google Earth Google Google Maps Google Scholar GSM HDTV HP-UX InfiniBand iPhone iPod IPTV IPv6 JavaScript JPEG JSP LAPACK Linux Lotus Notes Macintosh OS Macintosh Mathematica MATLAB Mobile IP WiMAX MODIS MP3 MS-DOS MySQL NetWare OpenMP Oracle Database Outlook PDF Pentium PowerPC PowerPoint Prolog QuarkXPress QuickBooks Quicken QuickTime Ruby on Rails RISC processors Samba SharePoint Simulink Smalltalk Short Message Service SNMP Solaris SPARC SQL Server Secure Sockets Layer Transport Layer Security Twitter UMTS Usenet UWB Visual Basic VMware VoiceXML VRML Wifi Wikipedia Windows Windows environment WordNet X-Window X3D XILINX YouTube ZigBee FreeBSD Myspace Office Skype SONET VHDL Yahoo! (portal) Business Process Execution Language ANSI C CDMA systems DNS (Domain Name System) DSL DSM Gmail IP Multimedia Subsystem Haskell JAVA ME MIMO Systems MSN (portal) OFDM System PlanetLab Pocket PC SELinux SIMD architectures TMS320C Unicode TREC iPad	Proper nouns: People, technologies and companies
#10011446	Blaise Pascal		People in computing
#10011447	Cyril W. Cleverdon		People in computing
#10011448	Gene H. Golub		People in computing
#10011449	ActionScript		Technologies
#10011450	ActiveX		Technologies
#10011451	Ada language		Technologies
#10011452	Photoshop		Technologies
#10011453	Ajax		Technologies
#10011454	AppleScript		Technologies
#10011455	AutoCAD		Technologies
#10011456	BASIC		Technologies
#10011457	Bluetooth		Technologies
#10011458	Cell Broadband Engine		Technologies
#10011459	CMOS		Technologies
#10011460	CORBA		Technologies
#10011461	Corel Corporation		Companies
#10011462	Datalog		Technologies
#10011463	DB2		Technologies
#10011464	DOS		Technologies
#10011465	Dreamweaver		Technologies
#10011466	DVDs		Technologies
#10011467	eBay Inc.		Companies
#10011468	Eclipse		Technologies
#10011469	Ethernet		Technologies
#10011470	Excel		Technologies
#10011471	CD-ROMs		Technologies
#10011472	Facebook		Technologies
#10011473	Internet Explorer		Technologies
#10011474	Chrome		Technologies
#10011475	Firefox		Technologies
#10011476	Flickr		Technologies
#10011477	Fortran		Technologies
#10011478	Google Earth		Technologies
#10011479	Google		Technologies
#10011480	Google Maps		Technologies
#10011481	Google Scholar		Technologies
#10011482	GSM		Technologies
#10011483	HDTV		Technologies
#10011484	HP-UX		Technologies
#10011485	InfiniBand		Technologies
#10011486	iPhone		Technologies
#10011487	iPod		Technologies
#10011488	IPTV		Technologies
#10011489	IPv6		Technologies
#10011490	JavaScript		Technologies
#10011491	JPEG		Technologies
#10011492	JSP		Technologies
#10011493	LAPACK		Technologies
#10011494	Linux		Technologies
#10011495	Lotus Notes		Technologies
#10011496	Macintosh OS		Technologies
#10011497	Macintosh		Technologies
#10011498	Mathematica		Technologies
#10011499	MATLAB		Technologies
#10011500	Mobile IP		Technologies
#10011501	WiMAX		Technologies
#10011502	MODIS		Technologies
#10011503	Motorola Solutions, Inc.		Companies
#10011504	Motorola Mobility, Inc.		Companies
#10011505	Motorola, Inc.		Companies
#10011506	Mozilla Foundation		Organizations
#10011507	Mozilla Corporation		Companies
#10011508	MP3		Technologies
#10011509	MS-DOS		Technologies
#10011510	MySQL		Technologies
#10011511	NetWare		Technologies
#10011512	OpenMP		Technologies
#10011513	Oracle Database		Technologies
#10011514	Outlook		Technologies
#10011515	PDF		Technologies
#10011516	Pentium		Technologies
#10011517	PowerPC		Technologies
#10011518	PowerPoint		Technologies
#10011519	Prolog		Technologies
#10011520	QuarkXPress		Technologies
#10011521	QuickBooks		Technologies
#10011522	Quicken		Technologies
#10011523	QuickTime		Technologies
#10011524	Ruby on Rails		Technologies
#10011525	RISC processors		Technologies
#10011526	Samba		Technologies
#10011527	SharePoint		Technologies
#10011528	Simulink		Technologies
#10011529	Smalltalk		Technologies
#10011530	Short Message Service		Technologies
#10011531	SNMP		Technologies
#10011532	Solaris		Technologies
#10011533	SPARC		Technologies
#10011534	SQL Server		Technologies
#10011535	Secure Sockets Layer		Technologies
#10011536	Transport Layer Security		Technologies
#10011537	Twitter		Technologies
#10011538	UMTS		Technologies
#10011539	Usenet		Technologies
#10011540	UWB		Technologies
#10011541	Visual Basic		Technologies
#10011542	VMware		Technologies
#10011543	VoiceXML		Technologies
#10011545	VRML		Technologies
#10011546	Wifi		Technologies
#10011547	Wikipedia		Technologies
#10011548	Windows		Technologies
#10011549	Windows environment		Technologies
#10011550	WordNet		Technologies
#10011551	X-Window		Technologies
#10011552	X3D		Technologies
#10011553	XILINX		Technologies
#10011554	YouTube		Technologies
#10011555	ZigBee		Technologies
#10011556	Bell Labs		Alcatel-Lucent
#10011557	HP Labs		Hewlett-Packard Company
#10011558	FreeBSD		Technologies
#10011559	Global positioning systems		Spatial-temporal systems
#10011560	Myspace		Technologies
#10011561	Nokia Corporation		Companies
#10011562	NVIDIA Corporation		Companies
#10011563	Office		Technologies
#10011564	Skype		Technologies
#10011565	SONET		Technologies
#10011566	Sony Corporation		Companies
#10011567	VHDL		Technologies
#10011568	Yahoo! (portal)		Technologies
#10011569	National Institutes of Health		Organizations
#10011570	Object Management Group		Organizations
#10011571	Federal Communications Commission		Organizations
#10011572	Business Process Execution Language		Technologies
#10011573	ANSI C		Technologies
#10011574	CDMA systems		Technologies
#10011575	DNS (Domain Name System)		Technologies
#10011576	DSL		Technologies
#10011577	DSM		Technologies
#10011579	Gmail		Technologies
#10011581	Internet telephony		Telecommunications
#10011582	IP Multimedia Subsystem		Technologies
#10011583	Haskell		Technologies
#10011584	JAVA ME		Technologies
#10011585	MIMO Systems		Technologies
#10011586	MSN (portal)		Technologies
#10011587	Novell, Inc		Companies
#10011588	OFDM System		Technologies
#10011589	PlanetLab		Technologies
#10011590	Pocket PC		Technologies
#10011591	SELinux		Technologies
#10011592	SIMD architectures		Technologies
#10011593	TMS320C		Technologies
#10011594	Unicode		Technologies
#10011595	CS1		Computer science education
#10011597	TREC		Technologies
#10011598	Block and stream ciphers		Symmetric cryptography and hash functions
#10011600	Hash functions and message authentication codes		Symmetric cryptography and hash functions
#10011602	Digital signatures		Public key (asymmetric) techniques
#10011607	Database activity monitoring		Database and storage security
#10011608	Information flow control		Systems security
#10011610	Denial-of-service attacks		Systems security Network security
#10011611	Spoofing attacks		Social engineering attacks
#10011612	Phishing		Social engineering attacks
#10011617	Firewalls		Systems security Network security
#10011618	Graphical / visual passwords		Authentication
#10011619	Multi-factor authentication		Authentication
#10011621	Hardware-based security protocols		Hardware security implementation
#10011633	Penetration testing		Vulnerability management
#10011634	Vulnerability management	Penetration testing Vulnerability scanners	Systems security
#10011635	Vulnerability scanners		Vulnerability management
#10011641	Proper nouns: People, technologies and companies	Companies Organizations People in computing Technologies
#10011642	Cognitive radios		Wireless access points, base stations and infrastructure
#10011643	Network topology types	Point-to-point networks Bus networks Star networks Ring networks Mesh networks Hybrid networks	Network structure
#10011644	Point-to-point networks		Network topology types
#10011645	Bus networks		Network topology types
#10011646	Star networks		Network topology types
#10011647	Ring networks	Token ring networks Fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)	Network topology types
#10011648	Token ring networks		Ring networks
#10011649	Fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)		Ring networks
#10011650	Mesh networks	Wireless mesh networks	Network topology types
#10011651	Hybrid networks		Network topology types
#10011655	Network File System (NFS) protocol		Network protocols
#10011657	Network adapters		End nodes
#10011659	Repeaters		Physical links
#10011660	Network servers		End nodes
#10011661	Wireless local area networks		Wireless access networks
#10011662	Wireless personal area networks		Wireless access networks
#10011663	Wireless mesh networks		Mesh networks
#10011666	Touch screens		Interaction devices Tactile and hand-based interfaces
#10011667	Scanners		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10011668	Mobile ad hoc networks		Ad hoc networks
#10011669	Wireless devices		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10011670	Wireless integrated network sensors		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10011671	Latent Dirichlet allocation		Factorization methods
#10011672	Network performance analysis		Network performance evaluation
#10011673	Design		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011674	Performance		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011675	Validation		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011676	Verification		Cross-computing tools and techniques
#10011677	Operations scheduling		High-level and register-transfer level synthesis
#10011678	Process synchronization		Process management
#10011679	Real-time systems software		Software system structures
#10011680	Organizing principles for web applications		Distributed systems organizing principles
#10011681	3-tier architectures		Software architectures
#10011682	Abstraction, modeling and modularity		Software system structures
#10011683	Access protection		Correctness
#10011685	Database interoperability		Database theory
#10011686	Mathematical software performance		Mathematical software
#10011687	Software usability		Extra-functional properties
#10011688	Parsers		Compilers
#10011689	Document scripting languages		Document preparation
#10011690	Specification languages		System description languages
#10011691	Error handling and recovery		Software development techniques
#10011692	Formal software verification		Software verification and validation
#10011693	Empirical software validation		Software verification and validation
#10011694	Interface design prototyping		Interaction design process and methods
#10011695	Software version control		Software post-development issues
#10011696	Maintaining software		Software post-development issues
#10011697	System administration		Software post-development issues
#10011698	Online auctions policy		Commerce policy
#10011699	Presentation of retrieval results		Evaluation of retrieval results
#10011700	Searching with auxiliary databases		Search engine architectures and scalability
#10011702	Side-channel analysis and countermeasures		Hardware attacks and countermeasures
#10011703	Usability in security and privacy		Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
#10011704	Network measurement		Network performance evaluation
#10011705	Packet-switching networks		Network types
#10011707	Wireframes		Systems and tools for interaction design
#10011709	Consumer products policy		Commerce policy
#10011710	Data structures and algorithms for data management		Database theory
#10011711	Database query processing and optimization (theory)		Database theory
#10011712	Business intelligence		Retrieval tasks and goals Business process management
#10011713	High-level language architectures		Other architectures
#10011714	Special purpose systems		Other architectures
#10011715	Electro-mechanical devices		Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
#10011716	Reconfigurable logic applications		Reconfigurable logic and FPGAs
#10011717	Analog and mixed-signal circuit synthesis		Analog and mixed-signal circuits
#10011718	Hard and soft IP		Design reuse and communication-based design
#10011719	Switching devices power issues		Power estimation and optimization
#10011720	Interconnect power issues		Power estimation and optimization
#10011721	Circuits power issues		Power estimation and optimization
#10011722	Chip-level power issues		Power estimation and optimization
#10011723	Platform power issues		Power estimation and optimization
#10011724	Enterprise level and data centers power issues		Power estimation and optimization
#10011726	Quantum computation	Quantum communication and cryptography Quantum error correction and fault tolerance	Quantum technologies
#10011727	Quantum communication and cryptography		Quantum computation
#10011728	Quantum error correction and fault tolerance		Quantum computation
#10011729	Quantum dots and cellular automata		Quantum technologies
#10011730	Online social networks		Overlay and other logical network structures
#10011731	Enterprise interoperability	Enterprise application integration Information integration and interoperability	Enterprise computing
#10011732	Information integration and interoperability		Enterprise interoperability
#10011733	Data integration		Database theory
#10011734	Logic and databases		Database theory
#10011735	Theory of database privacy and security		Database theory
#10011736	Incomplete, inconsistent, and uncertain databases		Database theory
#10011737	iPad		Technologies
#10011738	Accessibility	Accessibility theory, concepts and paradigms Empirical studies in accessibility Accessibility design and evaluation methods Accessibility technologies Accessibility systems and tools	Human-centered computing
#10011739	Network privacy and anonymity		Network properties
#10011740	Type theory		Logic
#10011741	Hoare logic		Logic
#10011742	Separation logic		Logic
#10011743	Fault-tolerant network topologies		Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks
#10011744	Virtual worlds training simulations		Virtual worlds software
#10011745	Public key encryption		Public key (asymmetric) techniques
#10011746	Hardware reverse engineering		Security in hardware Intellectual property
#10011747	File system security		Systems security
#10011748	Empirical studies in HCI		Human computer interaction (HCI)
#10011749	Laboratory experiments		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10011750	Field studies		HCI design and evaluation methods
#10011751	Collaborative interaction		Interaction paradigms
#10011752	Haptic devices		Interaction devices Tactile and hand-based interfaces
#10011753	Text input		Interaction techniques
#10011754	Pointing		Interaction techniques
#10011755	Gestural input		Interaction techniques
#10011756	User interface programming		Interactive systems and tools
#10011757	User interface toolkits		Interactive systems and tools
#10011758	Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms		Interaction design
#10011759	Empirical studies in interaction design		Interaction design
#10011760	Systems and tools for interaction design	Wireframes	Interaction design
#10011761	Social media		Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
#10011762	Empirical studies in collaborative and social computing		Collaborative and social computing
#10011763	Ethnographic studies		Collaborative and social computing design and evaluation methods
#10011764	Collaborative and social computing devices		Collaborative and social computing
#10011765	Synchronous editors		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools
#10011766	Asynchronous editors		Collaborative and social computing systems and tools
#10011767	Empirical studies in ubiquitous and mobile computing		Ubiquitous and mobile computing
#10011768	Visualization theory, concepts and paradigms		Visualization
#10011769	Empirical studies in visualization		Visualization
#10011770	Visualization design and evaluation methods		Visualization
#10011771	Visualization toolkits		Visualization systems and tools
#10011772	Accessibility theory, concepts and paradigms		Accessibility
#10011773	Empirical studies in accessibility		Accessibility
#10011774	Accessibility design and evaluation methods		Accessibility
#10011775	Accessibility technologies		Accessibility
#10011776	Accessibility systems and tools		Accessibility
#10011777	Concurrent computing methodologies	Concurrent programming languages Concurrent algorithms	Computing methodologies
#10011778	Concurrent algorithms		Design and analysis of algorithms Concurrent computing methodologies

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