BLACK THRIVE GLOBAL / SEARCHLIGHT

Evidence and assumptions

West Yorkshire and Dyfed-Powys: May-July 2026

4,657 recorded events; 2,280 have Unknown self-defined ethnicity. Generated 2026-09-16 13:30:07 UTC.

Recorded searches are events, not unique people. An event-rate ratio is not a person's probability of being searched. Unknown ethnicity remains visible.

Submission coverage

This table describes the selected source files, including after records are filtered. A missing submission is unavailable data, never zero searches. The event count above describes the records supplied to this report. Suspected partial submissions and revisions remain flagged.

force_idmonthn_recordsstatustrailing_medianchangelog_note
dyfed-powys2026-05NAmissingNADyfed-Powys Police: Stop and search data not provided for May 2026. The force will provide a data refresh as soon as possible.
dyfed-powys2026-06NAmissingNADyfed-Powys Police: Stop and search data not provided for June 2026. The force will provide a data refresh as soon as possible.
dyfed-powys2026-07NAmissingNADyfed-Powys Police: Stop and search data not provided for July 2026. The force will provide a data refresh as soon as possible.
west-yorkshire2026-051659submittedNANA
west-yorkshire2026-061466submitted1659.0NA
west-yorkshire2026-071532submitted1562.5NA

Time and location quality

Timestamp diagnostics are screening rules, not proof that times are accurate. Darkness analysis excludes force-months that fail or lack a reliable-time flag.

force_idmonthn_recordsmidnight_sharemissing_time_sharesource_midnight_sharegating_midnight_sharetime_reliableforce_midnight_range
dyfed-powys2026-05NANANANANAFALSENA
dyfed-powys2026-06NANANANANAFALSENA
dyfed-powys2026-07NANANANANAFALSENA
west-yorkshire2026-0516590.010247000.00964440.0102470TRUE0.0048105
west-yorkshire2026-0614660.007503400.00954980.0095498TRUE0.0048105
west-yorkshire2026-0715320.011097000.01436000.0143600TRUE0.0048105

Coordinates are anonymised snap points. Boundary sensitivity measures proximity to a geography edge; it does not measure or correct true location error. The boundary-sensitive share uses assigned events with measured distances. Missing-coordinate and unassigned shares use all supplied events.

typemissing_coordinate_shareunassigned_shareboundary_sensitive_shareambiguous_sharethreshold_m
lsoa210.0345720.0384370.49285050
msoa210.0345720.0384370.24386050

Estimates

Each supplied analysis retains its own scope, exposures and exclusions. Rates use submitted population-time. Sampling intervals condition on the model and denominator. They do not quantify uncertainty about unobserved ethnicity, population movement, Census measurement or incomplete submissions.

Four-MSOA event-rate ratios

Estimates and sampling uncertainty

force_idgeography_codereferencecomparisonratioconf_lowconf_highconf_levelmethoddispersionn_referencen_comparisonexposure_referenceexposure_comparisonestimableexcluded_pair_eventsunknown_events
west-yorkshireE02002237WhiteBlack0.000000.00000007.450600.95poissonNA1801416.8043.25TRUE047
west-yorkshireE02002454WhiteBlack0.201180.00502451.157100.95poisson2.39587211434.0099.00TRUE031
west-yorkshireE02006875WhiteBlack0.280940.05744200.833190.95poisson2.956619631564.8085.25TRUE0153
west-yorkshireE02006948WhiteBlack0.146720.03907100.389820.95poisson0.5000844408.25132.50TRUE0127
Analysis scope and assumptions
{
  "analysis": {
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "ethnicity": "ethnicity_5",
    "classification": "5",
    "scheme": "self-defined",
    "area_universe": "explicit units",
    "strata": ["force_id", "geography_code"],
    "rate_scale": 1000,
    "time_unit": "person-years; submitted months / 12"
  },
  "scope": {
    "n_rows": 72,
    "force_months": [
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-05"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-06"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-07"
      }
    ]
  },
  "population": {
    "source": "NOMIS",
    "table_id": "NM_2041_1",
    "vintage": "2021-03-21",
    "classification": "5",
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "retrieved": "2026-09-16 11:00:20",
    "codes": ["E02002183", "E02002184", "E02002185", "E02002187", "E02002188", "E02002189", "E02002190", "E02002191", "E02002192", "E02002193", "E02002194", "E02002195", "E02002196", "E02002197", "E02002198", "E02002199", "E02002200", "E02002201", "E02002202", "E02002203", "E02002204", "E02002205", "E02002206", "E02002207", "E02002208", "E02002209", "E02002210", "E02002211", "E02002212", "E02002213", "E02002214", "E02002215", "E02002216", "E02002217", "E02002218", "E02002219", "E02002220", "E02002222", "E02002223", "E02002224", "E02002225", "E02002226", "E02002227", "E02002228", "E02002229", "E02002230", "E02002231", "E02002232", "E02002233", "E02002234", "E02002235", "E02002236", "E02002237", "E02002238", "E02002239", "E02002240", "E02002241", "E02002242", "E02002243", "E02002244", "E02002245", "E02002246", "E02002247", "E02002248", "E02002249", "E02002250", "E02002251", "E02002252", "E02002253", "E02002254", "E02002255", "E02002256", "E02002257", "E02002258", "E02002259", "E02002260", "E02002261", "E02002262", "E02002263", "E02002264", "E02002265", "E02002266", "E02002267", "E02002268", "E02002269", "E02002270", "E02002271", "E02002272", "E02002273", "E02002274", "E02002275", "E02002276", "E02002277", "E02002278", "E02002279", "E02002280", "E02002281", "E02002282", "E02002283", "E02002284", "E02002285", "E02002286", "E02002287", "E02002288", "E02002289", "E02002290", "E02002291", "E02002292", "E02002293", "E02002294", "E02002295", "E02002296", "E02002297", "E02002298", "E02002299", "E02002300", "E02002301", "E02002302", "E02002303", "E02002304", "E02002305", "E02002306", "E02002307", "E02002308", "E02002309", "E02002310", "E02002311", "E02002312", "E02002313", "E02002314", "E02002315", "E02002316", "E02002317", "E02002318", "E02002319", "E02002320", "E02002321", "E02002322", "E02002323", "E02002324", "E02002325", "E02002326", "E02002327", "E02002328", "E02002329", "E02002330", "E02002331", "E02002332", "E02002333", "E02002334", "E02002335", "E02002336", "E02002337", "E02002338", "E02002339", "E02002340", "E02002341", "E02002342", "E02002343", "E02002344", "E02002345", "E02002346", "E02002347", "E02002348", "E02002349", "E02002350", "E02002351", "E02002352", "E02002353", "E02002354", "E02002356", "E02002357", "E02002358", "E02002359", "E02002360", "E02002361", "E02002362", "E02002363", "E02002364", "E02002366", "E02002367", "E02002368", "E02002369", "E02002370", "E02002371", "E02002373", "E02002374", "E02002375", "E02002376", "E02002377", "E02002379", "E02002380", "E02002381", "E02002382", "E02002383", "E02002384", "E02002385", "E02002386", "E02002387", "E02002388", "E02002389", "E02002390", "E02002391", "E02002392", "E02002393", "E02002394", "E02002395", "E02002396", "E02002397", "E02002398", "E02002399", "E02002400", "E02002401", "E02002402", "E02002403", "E02002404", "E02002405", "E02002406", "E02002407", "E02002408", "E02002409", "E02002410", "E02002411", "E02002412", "E02002414", "E02002415", "E02002416", "E02002417", "E02002418", "E02002419", "E02002420", "E02002421", "E02002422", "E02002423", "E02002424", "E02002425", "E02002426", "E02002427", "E02002428", "E02002429", "E02002430", "E02002431", "E02002432", "E02002433", "E02002434", "E02002435", "E02002436", "E02002437", "E02002438", "E02002439", "E02002440", "E02002441", "E02002442", "E02002443", "E02002444", "E02002445", "E02002446", "E02002447", "E02002448", "E02002449", "E02002450", "E02002451", "E02002452", "E02002453", "E02002454", "E02002455", "E02002456", "E02002457", "E02002458", "E02002459", "E02002460", "E02002461", "E02002462", "E02002463", "E02002464", "E02002465", "E02002466", "E02002467", "E02002468", "E02002469", "E02002470", "E02002471", "E02002472", "E02002473", "E02002474", "E02002475", "E02002476", "E02002477", "E02002478", "E02002479", "E02002480", "E02002481", "E02002482", "E02006852", "E02006861", "E02006875", "E02006876", "E02006945", "E02006946", "E02006947", "E02006948", "W02000097", "W02000098", "W02000099", "W02000100", "W02000101", "W02000102", "W02000103", "W02000104", "W02000105", "W02000106", "W02000107", "W02000108", "W02000109", "W02000110", "W02000111", "W02000113", "W02000114", "W02000116", "W02000117", "W02000118", "W02000120", "W02000122", "W02000123", "W02000124", "W02000125", "W02000126", "W02000127", "W02000128", "W02000129", "W02000130", "W02000131", "W02000132", "W02000133", "W02000134", "W02000135", "W02000136", "W02000137", "W02000138", "W02000139", "W02000140", "W02000141", "W02000142", "W02000143", "W02000144", "W02000145", "W02000146", "W02000147", "W02000148", "W02000149", "W02000151", "W02000152", "W02000153", "W02000154", "W02000156", "W02000157", "W02000158", "W02000159", "W02000160", "W02000161", "W02000162", "W02000163", "W02000164", "W02000165", "W02000166", "W02000167", "W02000414", "W02000416", "W02000418", "W02000421"],
    "url": "https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/api/v01/",
    "cross_tabulation": false
  },
  "assumptions": null,
  "mcmc_settings": null
}

Missing-ethnicity allocation

Sampling uncertainty

force_idgeography_codereferencecomparisonratioconf_lowconf_highconf_levelmethoddispersionn_referencen_comparisonexposure_referenceexposure_comparisonestimableexcluded_pair_eventsunknown_events
west-yorkshireE02002237WhiteBlack0.000000.00000007.450600.95poissonNA1801416.8043.25TRUE047
west-yorkshireE02002454WhiteBlack0.201180.00502451.157100.95poisson2.39587211434.0099.00TRUE031
west-yorkshireE02006875WhiteBlack0.280940.05744200.833190.95poisson2.956619631564.8085.25TRUE0153
west-yorkshireE02006948WhiteBlack0.146720.03907100.389820.95poisson0.5000844408.25132.50TRUE0127

Assumption range

force_idgeography_codescenarioratiounknownallocated_referenceallocated_comparisonlower_boundupper_boundtipping_allocationavailabletipping_feasibleobserved_ratio
west-yorkshireE02002237all_to_reference0.000004747.0000.000000.0000085.53300.040968TRUETRUE0.00000
west-yorkshireE02002237all_to_comparison85.53300470.00047.000000.0000085.53300.040968TRUETRUE0.00000
west-yorkshireE02002237proportional0.000004735.2500.000000.0000085.53300.040968TRUETRUE0.00000
west-yorkshireE02002237force_object_mar0.486064742.1840.893020.0000085.53300.040968TRUETRUE0.00000
west-yorkshireE02002454all_to_reference0.140633131.0000.000000.140636.43770.184390TRUETRUE0.20118
west-yorkshireE02002454all_to_comparison6.43770310.00031.000000.140636.43770.184390TRUETRUE0.20118
west-yorkshireE02002454proportional0.201183129.7600.413330.140636.43770.184390TRUETRUE0.20118
west-yorkshireE02002454force_object_mar0.231963127.7870.597970.140636.43770.184390TRUETRUE0.20118
west-yorkshireE02006875all_to_reference0.15778153153.0000.000000.1577814.60900.099259TRUETRUE0.28094
west-yorkshireE02006875all_to_comparison14.609001530.000153.000000.1577814.60900.099259TRUETRUE0.28094
west-yorkshireE02006875proportional0.28094153143.4802.196200.1577814.60900.099259TRUETRUE0.28094
west-yorkshireE02006875force_object_mar0.36194153135.7903.542500.1577814.60900.099259TRUETRUE0.28094
west-yorkshireE02006948all_to_reference0.05841127127.0000.000000.058414.80510.383320TRUETRUE0.14672
west-yorkshireE02006948all_to_comparison4.805101270.000127.000000.058414.80510.383320TRUETRUE0.14672
west-yorkshireE02006948proportional0.14672127103.5704.932000.058414.80510.383320TRUETRUE0.14672
west-yorkshireE02006948force_object_mar0.10607127113.7202.806700.058414.80510.383320TRUETRUE0.14672
Analysis scope and assumptions
{
  "analysis": {
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "ethnicity": "ethnicity_5",
    "classification": "5",
    "scheme": "self-defined",
    "area_universe": "explicit units",
    "strata": ["force_id", "msoa21", "object_group"]
  },
  "scope": {
    "n_rows": 360,
    "force_months": [
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-05"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-06"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-07"
      }
    ]
  },
  "population": {
    "source": "NOMIS",
    "table_id": "NM_2041_1",
    "vintage": "2021-03-21",
    "classification": "5",
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "retrieved": "2026-09-16 11:00:20",
    "codes": ["E02002183", "E02002184", "E02002185", "E02002187", "E02002188", "E02002189", "E02002190", "E02002191", "E02002192", "E02002193", "E02002194", "E02002195", "E02002196", "E02002197", "E02002198", "E02002199", "E02002200", "E02002201", "E02002202", "E02002203", "E02002204", "E02002205", "E02002206", "E02002207", "E02002208", "E02002209", "E02002210", "E02002211", "E02002212", "E02002213", "E02002214", "E02002215", "E02002216", "E02002217", "E02002218", "E02002219", "E02002220", "E02002222", "E02002223", "E02002224", "E02002225", "E02002226", "E02002227", "E02002228", "E02002229", "E02002230", "E02002231", "E02002232", "E02002233", "E02002234", "E02002235", "E02002236", "E02002237", "E02002238", "E02002239", "E02002240", "E02002241", "E02002242", "E02002243", "E02002244", "E02002245", "E02002246", "E02002247", "E02002248", "E02002249", "E02002250", "E02002251", "E02002252", "E02002253", "E02002254", "E02002255", "E02002256", "E02002257", "E02002258", "E02002259", "E02002260", "E02002261", "E02002262", "E02002263", "E02002264", "E02002265", "E02002266", "E02002267", "E02002268", "E02002269", "E02002270", "E02002271", "E02002272", "E02002273", "E02002274", "E02002275", "E02002276", "E02002277", "E02002278", "E02002279", "E02002280", "E02002281", "E02002282", "E02002283", "E02002284", "E02002285", "E02002286", "E02002287", "E02002288", "E02002289", "E02002290", "E02002291", "E02002292", "E02002293", "E02002294", "E02002295", "E02002296", "E02002297", "E02002298", "E02002299", "E02002300", "E02002301", "E02002302", "E02002303", "E02002304", "E02002305", "E02002306", "E02002307", "E02002308", "E02002309", "E02002310", "E02002311", "E02002312", "E02002313", "E02002314", "E02002315", "E02002316", "E02002317", "E02002318", "E02002319", "E02002320", "E02002321", "E02002322", "E02002323", "E02002324", "E02002325", "E02002326", "E02002327", "E02002328", "E02002329", "E02002330", "E02002331", "E02002332", "E02002333", "E02002334", "E02002335", "E02002336", "E02002337", "E02002338", "E02002339", "E02002340", "E02002341", "E02002342", "E02002343", "E02002344", "E02002345", "E02002346", "E02002347", "E02002348", "E02002349", "E02002350", "E02002351", "E02002352", "E02002353", "E02002354", "E02002356", "E02002357", "E02002358", "E02002359", "E02002360", "E02002361", "E02002362", "E02002363", "E02002364", "E02002366", "E02002367", "E02002368", "E02002369", "E02002370", "E02002371", "E02002373", "E02002374", "E02002375", "E02002376", "E02002377", "E02002379", "E02002380", "E02002381", "E02002382", "E02002383", "E02002384", "E02002385", "E02002386", "E02002387", "E02002388", "E02002389", "E02002390", "E02002391", "E02002392", "E02002393", "E02002394", "E02002395", "E02002396", "E02002397", "E02002398", "E02002399", "E02002400", "E02002401", "E02002402", "E02002403", "E02002404", "E02002405", "E02002406", "E02002407", "E02002408", "E02002409", "E02002410", "E02002411", "E02002412", "E02002414", "E02002415", "E02002416", "E02002417", "E02002418", "E02002419", "E02002420", "E02002421", "E02002422", "E02002423", "E02002424", "E02002425", "E02002426", "E02002427", "E02002428", "E02002429", "E02002430", "E02002431", "E02002432", "E02002433", "E02002434", "E02002435", "E02002436", "E02002437", "E02002438", "E02002439", "E02002440", "E02002441", "E02002442", "E02002443", "E02002444", "E02002445", "E02002446", "E02002447", "E02002448", "E02002449", "E02002450", "E02002451", "E02002452", "E02002453", "E02002454", "E02002455", "E02002456", "E02002457", "E02002458", "E02002459", "E02002460", "E02002461", "E02002462", "E02002463", "E02002464", "E02002465", "E02002466", "E02002467", "E02002468", "E02002469", "E02002470", "E02002471", "E02002472", "E02002473", "E02002474", "E02002475", "E02002476", "E02002477", "E02002478", "E02002479", "E02002480", "E02002481", "E02002482", "E02006852", "E02006861", "E02006875", "E02006876", "E02006945", "E02006946", "E02006947", "E02006948", "W02000097", "W02000098", "W02000099", "W02000100", "W02000101", "W02000102", "W02000103", "W02000104", "W02000105", "W02000106", "W02000107", "W02000108", "W02000109", "W02000110", "W02000111", "W02000113", "W02000114", "W02000116", "W02000117", "W02000118", "W02000120", "W02000122", "W02000123", "W02000124", "W02000125", "W02000126", "W02000127", "W02000128", "W02000129", "W02000130", "W02000131", "W02000132", "W02000133", "W02000134", "W02000135", "W02000136", "W02000137", "W02000138", "W02000139", "W02000140", "W02000141", "W02000142", "W02000143", "W02000144", "W02000145", "W02000146", "W02000147", "W02000148", "W02000149", "W02000151", "W02000152", "W02000153", "W02000154", "W02000156", "W02000157", "W02000158", "W02000159", "W02000160", "W02000161", "W02000162", "W02000163", "W02000164", "W02000165", "W02000166", "W02000167", "W02000414", "W02000416", "W02000418", "W02000421"],
    "url": "https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/api/v01/",
    "cross_tabulation": false
  },
  "assumptions": null,
  "mcmc_settings": null
}

Count regression

Estimates and sampling uncertainty

termestimatestd_errorstatisticp_valueexp_estimateconf_lowconf_high
(Intercept)-4.89090.22361-21.8730000.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000471440.007514600000.00484810.011648
ethnicityBlack1.08430.418332.5919000.009546000000000000665356658657856314675882458686828613281250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002.957200000001.30260006.713800
ethnicityMixed-15.5350988.00000-0.0157240.987450000000000049915627187147038057446479797363281250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.000000179110.0000000Inf
ethnicityOther1.52630.356264.2841000.000018346000000000000192817983801774062158074229955673217773437500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004.601000000002.28880009.249200
ethnicityWhite2.32310.2295710.1190000.0000000000000000000000045336000000000003882366650387325535120908170938491821289062500000000000000000000000000010.207000000006.508800016.008000

diagnostics

{
  "dispersion": 5.6402,
  "residual_df": 55,
  "moran": {
    "status": "not evaluated: supply area boundaries"
  },
  "converged": true
}

excluded

{
  "rows": 12,
  "events": 358
}
Analysis scope and assumptions
{
  "analysis": {
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "ethnicity": "ethnicity_5",
    "classification": "5",
    "scheme": "self-defined",
    "area_universe": "explicit units",
    "strata": ["force_id", "geography_code"],
    "rate_scale": 1000,
    "time_unit": "person-years; submitted months / 12"
  },
  "scope": {
    "n_rows": 72,
    "force_months": [
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-05"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-06"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-07"
      }
    ]
  },
  "population": {
    "source": "NOMIS",
    "table_id": "NM_2041_1",
    "vintage": "2021-03-21",
    "classification": "5",
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "retrieved": "2026-09-16 11:00:20",
    "codes": ["E02002183", "E02002184", "E02002185", "E02002187", "E02002188", "E02002189", "E02002190", "E02002191", "E02002192", "E02002193", "E02002194", "E02002195", "E02002196", "E02002197", "E02002198", "E02002199", "E02002200", "E02002201", "E02002202", "E02002203", "E02002204", "E02002205", "E02002206", "E02002207", "E02002208", "E02002209", "E02002210", "E02002211", "E02002212", "E02002213", "E02002214", "E02002215", "E02002216", "E02002217", "E02002218", "E02002219", "E02002220", "E02002222", "E02002223", "E02002224", "E02002225", "E02002226", "E02002227", "E02002228", "E02002229", "E02002230", "E02002231", "E02002232", "E02002233", "E02002234", "E02002235", "E02002236", "E02002237", "E02002238", "E02002239", "E02002240", "E02002241", "E02002242", "E02002243", "E02002244", "E02002245", "E02002246", "E02002247", "E02002248", "E02002249", "E02002250", "E02002251", "E02002252", "E02002253", "E02002254", "E02002255", "E02002256", "E02002257", "E02002258", "E02002259", "E02002260", "E02002261", "E02002262", "E02002263", "E02002264", "E02002265", "E02002266", "E02002267", "E02002268", "E02002269", "E02002270", "E02002271", "E02002272", "E02002273", "E02002274", "E02002275", "E02002276", "E02002277", "E02002278", "E02002279", "E02002280", "E02002281", "E02002282", "E02002283", "E02002284", "E02002285", "E02002286", "E02002287", "E02002288", "E02002289", "E02002290", "E02002291", "E02002292", "E02002293", "E02002294", "E02002295", "E02002296", "E02002297", "E02002298", "E02002299", "E02002300", "E02002301", "E02002302", "E02002303", "E02002304", "E02002305", "E02002306", "E02002307", "E02002308", "E02002309", "E02002310", "E02002311", "E02002312", "E02002313", "E02002314", "E02002315", "E02002316", "E02002317", "E02002318", "E02002319", "E02002320", "E02002321", "E02002322", "E02002323", "E02002324", "E02002325", "E02002326", "E02002327", "E02002328", "E02002329", "E02002330", "E02002331", "E02002332", "E02002333", "E02002334", "E02002335", "E02002336", "E02002337", "E02002338", "E02002339", "E02002340", "E02002341", "E02002342", "E02002343", "E02002344", "E02002345", "E02002346", "E02002347", "E02002348", "E02002349", "E02002350", "E02002351", "E02002352", "E02002353", "E02002354", "E02002356", "E02002357", "E02002358", "E02002359", "E02002360", "E02002361", "E02002362", "E02002363", "E02002364", "E02002366", "E02002367", "E02002368", "E02002369", "E02002370", "E02002371", "E02002373", "E02002374", "E02002375", "E02002376", "E02002377", "E02002379", "E02002380", "E02002381", "E02002382", "E02002383", "E02002384", "E02002385", "E02002386", "E02002387", "E02002388", "E02002389", "E02002390", "E02002391", "E02002392", "E02002393", "E02002394", "E02002395", "E02002396", "E02002397", "E02002398", "E02002399", "E02002400", "E02002401", "E02002402", "E02002403", "E02002404", "E02002405", "E02002406", "E02002407", "E02002408", "E02002409", "E02002410", "E02002411", "E02002412", "E02002414", "E02002415", "E02002416", "E02002417", "E02002418", "E02002419", "E02002420", "E02002421", "E02002422", "E02002423", "E02002424", "E02002425", "E02002426", "E02002427", "E02002428", "E02002429", "E02002430", "E02002431", "E02002432", "E02002433", "E02002434", "E02002435", "E02002436", "E02002437", "E02002438", "E02002439", "E02002440", "E02002441", "E02002442", "E02002443", "E02002444", "E02002445", "E02002446", "E02002447", "E02002448", "E02002449", "E02002450", "E02002451", "E02002452", "E02002453", "E02002454", "E02002455", "E02002456", "E02002457", "E02002458", "E02002459", "E02002460", "E02002461", "E02002462", "E02002463", "E02002464", "E02002465", "E02002466", "E02002467", "E02002468", "E02002469", "E02002470", "E02002471", "E02002472", "E02002473", "E02002474", "E02002475", "E02002476", "E02002477", "E02002478", "E02002479", "E02002480", "E02002481", "E02002482", "E02006852", "E02006861", "E02006875", "E02006876", "E02006945", "E02006946", "E02006947", "E02006948", "W02000097", "W02000098", "W02000099", "W02000100", "W02000101", "W02000102", "W02000103", "W02000104", "W02000105", "W02000106", "W02000107", "W02000108", "W02000109", "W02000110", "W02000111", "W02000113", "W02000114", "W02000116", "W02000117", "W02000118", "W02000120", "W02000122", "W02000123", "W02000124", "W02000125", "W02000126", "W02000127", "W02000128", "W02000129", "W02000130", "W02000131", "W02000132", "W02000133", "W02000134", "W02000135", "W02000136", "W02000137", "W02000138", "W02000139", "W02000140", "W02000141", "W02000142", "W02000143", "W02000144", "W02000145", "W02000146", "W02000147", "W02000148", "W02000149", "W02000151", "W02000152", "W02000153", "W02000154", "W02000156", "W02000157", "W02000158", "W02000159", "W02000160", "W02000161", "W02000162", "W02000163", "W02000164", "W02000165", "W02000166", "W02000167", "W02000414", "W02000416", "W02000418", "W02000421"],
    "url": "https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/api/v01/",
    "cross_tabulation": false
  },
  "assumptions": null,
  "mcmc_settings": null
}

Three separate outcomes

Estimates and sampling uncertainty

pfaobject_groupethnicity_5searchesobservedsuccessesmissing_outcomehit_rateconf_lowconf_highoutcome
E23000010DrugsAsian96952310.2421100.1670899999999999885340.33717any_action
E23000010DrugsBlack40401700.4250000.2850900000000000100720.57805any_action
E23000010DrugsOther3434900.2647100.1460100000000000008970.43117any_action
E23000010DrugsUnknown1670166366970.4022900.3789699999999999735500.42605any_action
E23000010DrugsWhite1297129549320.3806900.3546400000000000107820.40746any_action
E23000010OtherAsian99100.1111100.0198909999999999989590.43500any_action
E23000010OtherBlack44000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.48989any_action
E23000010OtherUnknown1451453100.2137900.1549000000000000099030.28746any_action
E23000010OtherWhite2912907810.2689700.2212000000000000077270.32278any_action
E23000010Stolen goodsAsian55200.4000000.1176200000000000023270.76928any_action
E23000010Stolen goodsUnknown84842000.2381000.1597500000000000031090.33935any_action
E23000010Stolen goodsWhite2022027200.3564400.2936300000000000021140.42460any_action
E23000010UnknownAsian76110.1666700.0300529999999999998530.56350any_action
E23000010UnknownBlack55200.4000000.1176200000000000023270.76928any_action
E23000010UnknownOther55000.0000000.0000000000000000277560.43448any_action
E23000010UnknownUnknown1419720440.2061900.1376300000000000023360.29713any_action
E23000010UnknownWhite1281283400.2656200.1967599999999999904610.34815any_action
E23000010WeaponsAsian99100.1111100.0198909999999999989590.43500any_action
E23000010WeaponsBlack66300.5000000.1876200000000000089880.81238any_action
E23000010WeaponsOther55000.0000000.0000000000000000277560.43448any_action
E23000010WeaponsUnknown1561563100.1987200.1436800000000000021580.26824any_action
E23000010WeaponsWhite1391395400.3884900.3114999999999999991120.47147any_action
NADrugsAsian55400.8000000.3755299999999999749360.96378any_action
NADrugsBlack22000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.65762any_action
NADrugsOther22201.0000000.3423800000000000176571.00000any_action
NADrugsUnknown60601700.2833300.1850700000000000122750.40767any_action
NADrugsWhite55552000.3636400.2493100000000000038280.49577any_action
NAOtherBlack11000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.79345any_action
NAOtherUnknown88500.6250000.3057400000000000117590.86316any_action
NAOtherWhite1010200.2000000.0566820000000000032150.50984any_action
NAStolen goodsUnknown55000.0000000.0000000000000000277560.43448any_action
NAStolen goodsWhite1010500.5000000.2365899999999999947510.76341any_action
NAUnknownUnknown74130.2500000.0455870000000000025200.69936any_action
NAUnknownWhite66200.3333300.0967709999999999959110.70001any_action
NAWeaponsAsian11000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.79345any_action
NAWeaponsUnknown44000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.48989any_action
NAWeaponsWhite33000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.56150any_action
E23000010DrugsAsian9695410.0421050.0164940000000000017160.10331arrest
E23000010DrugsBlack4040700.1750000.0874540000000000039560.31950arrest
E23000010DrugsOther3434300.0882350.0304660000000000000250.22960arrest
E23000010DrugsUnknown1670166320270.1214700.1066300000000000025580.13805arrest
E23000010DrugsWhite1297129521420.1652500.1460200000000000108980.18646arrest
E23000010OtherAsian99000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.29915arrest
E23000010OtherBlack44000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.48989arrest
E23000010OtherUnknown1451452000.1379300.0910959999999999964220.20346arrest
E23000010OtherWhite2912905710.1965500.1549099999999999921490.24613arrest
E23000010Stolen goodsAsian55200.4000000.1176200000000000023270.76928arrest
E23000010Stolen goodsUnknown84841600.1904800.1207899999999999945950.28724arrest
E23000010Stolen goodsWhite2022025400.2673300.2110499999999999876100.33228arrest
E23000010UnknownAsian76110.1666700.0300529999999999998530.56350arrest
E23000010UnknownBlack55200.4000000.1176200000000000023270.76928arrest
E23000010UnknownOther55000.0000000.0000000000000000277560.43448arrest
E23000010UnknownUnknown1419718440.1855700.1207300000000000039790.27436arrest
E23000010UnknownWhite1281283100.2421900.1761900000000000132690.32321arrest
E23000010WeaponsAsian99100.1111100.0198909999999999989590.43500arrest
E23000010WeaponsBlack66200.3333300.0967709999999999959110.70001arrest
E23000010WeaponsOther55000.0000000.0000000000000000277560.43448arrest
E23000010WeaponsUnknown1561562900.1859000.1326700000000000101430.25423arrest
E23000010WeaponsWhite1391394600.3309400.2581800000000000205880.41278arrest
NADrugsAsian55300.6000000.2307200000000000084110.88238arrest
NADrugsBlack22000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.65762arrest
NADrugsOther22201.0000000.3423800000000000176571.00000arrest
NADrugsUnknown6060500.0833330.0361199999999999993290.18069arrest
NADrugsWhite5555900.1636400.0885539999999999938310.28264arrest
NAOtherBlack11000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.79345arrest
NAOtherUnknown88300.3750000.1368399999999999894220.69426arrest
NAOtherWhite1010200.2000000.0566820000000000032150.50984arrest
NAStolen goodsUnknown55000.0000000.0000000000000000277560.43448arrest
NAStolen goodsWhite1010400.4000000.1681799999999999961630.68733arrest
NAUnknownUnknown74130.2500000.0455870000000000025200.69936arrest
NAUnknownWhite66100.1666700.0300529999999999998530.56350arrest
NAWeaponsAsian11000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.79345arrest
NAWeaponsUnknown44000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.48989arrest
NAWeaponsWhite33000.0000000.0000000000000000000000.56150arrest
E23000010DrugsAsian96969400.9791700.9271899999999999586460.99427outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010DrugsBlack40403400.8500000.7092800000000000215650.92939outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010DrugsOther34343000.8823500.7337900000000000533260.95329outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010DrugsUnknown16701670157800.9449100.9329100000000000170170.95487outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010DrugsWhite12971297120200.9267500.9112799999999999789320.93971outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010OtherAsian99800.8888900.5649999999999999467090.98011outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010OtherBlack44401.0000000.5101099999999999523581.00000outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010OtherUnknown14514513000.8965500.8363300000000000178350.93630outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010OtherWhite29129126200.9003400.8605399999999999716140.92971outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010Stolen goodsAsian55501.0000000.5655200000000000226661.00000outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010Stolen goodsUnknown84848100.9642900.9001799999999999801760.98778outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010Stolen goodsWhite20220218900.9356400.8930200000000000359890.96201outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010UnknownAsian77600.8571400.4868700000000000249760.97432outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010UnknownBlack55400.8000000.3755299999999999749360.96378outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010UnknownOther55501.0000000.5655200000000000226661.00000outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010UnknownUnknown1419893430.9489800.8860799999999999787550.97801outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010UnknownWhite12812811400.8906200.8247700000000000031260.93372outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010WeaponsAsian99901.0000000.7008499999999999729991.00000outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010WeaponsBlack66500.8333300.4364999999999999991120.96995outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010WeaponsOther55501.0000000.5655200000000000226661.00000outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010WeaponsUnknown15615614500.9294900.8781600000000000516560.96017outcome_linked_to_object
E23000010WeaponsWhite13913911700.8417300.7719799999999999995380.89309outcome_linked_to_object
NADrugsAsian55400.8000000.3755299999999999749360.96378outcome_linked_to_object
NADrugsBlack22201.0000000.3423800000000000176571.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NADrugsOther22201.0000000.3423800000000000176571.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NADrugsUnknown60605600.9333300.8407499999999999973350.97377outcome_linked_to_object
NADrugsWhite55555300.9636400.8767700000000000493120.98997outcome_linked_to_object
NAOtherBlack11101.0000000.2065500000000000113691.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NAOtherUnknown88700.8750000.5291099999999999692330.97758outcome_linked_to_object
NAOtherWhite10101001.0000000.7224699999999999455721.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NAStolen goodsUnknown55501.0000000.5655200000000000226661.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NAStolen goodsWhite1010800.8000000.4901599999999999845990.94332outcome_linked_to_object
NAUnknownUnknown74431.0000000.5101099999999999523581.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NAUnknownWhite66500.8333300.4364999999999999991120.96995outcome_linked_to_object
NAWeaponsAsian11101.0000000.2065500000000000113691.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NAWeaponsUnknown44401.0000000.5101099999999999523581.00000outcome_linked_to_object
NAWeaponsWhite33301.0000000.4385000000000000008881.00000outcome_linked_to_object

coefficients

termodds_ratioconf_lowconf_highlog_std_errornstatusmodel_warningsoutcomeomitted_constant_controls
.comparison1.081600.629581.85810.276092196estimableany_actionforce_id
.comparison0.991130.505921.94170.343102196estimablearrestforce_id
.comparison0.585350.271381.26260.392192199estimableoutcome_linked_to_objectforce_id

exclusions

outcomeincludedunknown_ethnicityother_ethnicitypair_missing_outcome_or_control
any_action219622801783
arrest219622801783
outcome_linked_to_object219922801780
Analysis scope and assumptions
{
  "analysis": null,
  "scope": {
    "n_rows": 4657,
    "force_months": [
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-05"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-06"
      },
      {
        "force_id": "west-yorkshire",
        "month": "2026-07"
      }
    ]
  },
  "population": {
    "source": "NOMIS",
    "table_id": "NM_2041_1",
    "vintage": "2021-03-21",
    "classification": "5",
    "geography": "msoa21",
    "retrieved": "2026-09-16 11:00:20",
    "codes": ["E02002183", "E02002184", "E02002185", "E02002187", "E02002188", "E02002189", "E02002190", "E02002191", "E02002192", "E02002193", "E02002194", "E02002195", "E02002196", "E02002197", "E02002198", "E02002199", "E02002200", "E02002201", "E02002202", "E02002203", "E02002204", "E02002205", "E02002206", "E02002207", "E02002208", "E02002209", "E02002210", "E02002211", "E02002212", "E02002213", "E02002214", "E02002215", "E02002216", "E02002217", "E02002218", "E02002219", "E02002220", "E02002222", "E02002223", "E02002224", "E02002225", "E02002226", "E02002227", "E02002228", "E02002229", "E02002230", "E02002231", "E02002232", "E02002233", "E02002234", "E02002235", "E02002236", "E02002237", "E02002238", "E02002239", "E02002240", "E02002241", "E02002242", "E02002243", "E02002244", "E02002245", "E02002246", "E02002247", "E02002248", "E02002249", "E02002250", "E02002251", "E02002252", "E02002253", "E02002254", "E02002255", "E02002256", "E02002257", "E02002258", "E02002259", "E02002260", "E02002261", "E02002262", "E02002263", "E02002264", "E02002265", "E02002266", "E02002267", "E02002268", "E02002269", "E02002270", "E02002271", "E02002272", "E02002273", "E02002274", "E02002275", "E02002276", "E02002277", "E02002278", "E02002279", "E02002280", "E02002281", "E02002282", "E02002283", "E02002284", "E02002285", "E02002286", "E02002287", "E02002288", "E02002289", "E02002290", "E02002291", "E02002292", "E02002293", "E02002294", "E02002295", "E02002296", "E02002297", "E02002298", "E02002299", "E02002300", "E02002301", "E02002302", "E02002303", "E02002304", "E02002305", "E02002306", "E02002307", "E02002308", "E02002309", "E02002310", "E02002311", "E02002312", "E02002313", "E02002314", "E02002315", "E02002316", "E02002317", "E02002318", "E02002319", "E02002320", "E02002321", "E02002322", "E02002323", "E02002324", "E02002325", "E02002326", "E02002327", "E02002328", "E02002329", "E02002330", "E02002331", "E02002332", "E02002333", "E02002334", "E02002335", "E02002336", "E02002337", "E02002338", "E02002339", "E02002340", "E02002341", "E02002342", "E02002343", "E02002344", "E02002345", "E02002346", "E02002347", "E02002348", "E02002349", "E02002350", "E02002351", "E02002352", "E02002353", "E02002354", "E02002356", "E02002357", "E02002358", "E02002359", "E02002360", "E02002361", "E02002362", "E02002363", "E02002364", "E02002366", "E02002367", "E02002368", "E02002369", "E02002370", "E02002371", "E02002373", "E02002374", "E02002375", "E02002376", "E02002377", "E02002379", "E02002380", "E02002381", "E02002382", "E02002383", "E02002384", "E02002385", "E02002386", "E02002387", "E02002388", "E02002389", "E02002390", "E02002391", "E02002392", "E02002393", "E02002394", "E02002395", "E02002396", "E02002397", "E02002398", "E02002399", "E02002400", "E02002401", "E02002402", "E02002403", "E02002404", "E02002405", "E02002406", "E02002407", "E02002408", "E02002409", "E02002410", "E02002411", "E02002412", "E02002414", "E02002415", "E02002416", "E02002417", "E02002418", "E02002419", "E02002420", "E02002421", "E02002422", "E02002423", "E02002424", "E02002425", "E02002426", "E02002427", "E02002428", "E02002429", "E02002430", "E02002431", "E02002432", "E02002433", "E02002434", "E02002435", "E02002436", "E02002437", "E02002438", "E02002439", "E02002440", "E02002441", "E02002442", "E02002443", "E02002444", "E02002445", "E02002446", "E02002447", "E02002448", "E02002449", "E02002450", "E02002451", "E02002452", "E02002453", "E02002454", "E02002455", "E02002456", "E02002457", "E02002458", "E02002459", "E02002460", "E02002461", "E02002462", "E02002463", "E02002464", "E02002465", "E02002466", "E02002467", "E02002468", "E02002469", "E02002470", "E02002471", "E02002472", "E02002473", "E02002474", "E02002475", "E02002476", "E02002477", "E02002478", "E02002479", "E02002480", "E02002481", "E02002482", "E02006852", "E02006861", "E02006875", "E02006876", "E02006945", "E02006946", "E02006947", "E02006948", "W02000097", "W02000098", "W02000099", "W02000100", "W02000101", "W02000102", "W02000103", "W02000104", "W02000105", "W02000106", "W02000107", "W02000108", "W02000109", "W02000110", "W02000111", "W02000113", "W02000114", "W02000116", "W02000117", "W02000118", "W02000120", "W02000122", "W02000123", "W02000124", "W02000125", "W02000126", "W02000127", "W02000128", "W02000129", "W02000130", "W02000131", "W02000132", "W02000133", "W02000134", "W02000135", "W02000136", "W02000137", "W02000138", "W02000139", "W02000140", "W02000141", "W02000142", "W02000143", "W02000144", "W02000145", "W02000146", "W02000147", "W02000148", "W02000149", "W02000151", "W02000152", "W02000153", "W02000154", "W02000156", "W02000157", "W02000158", "W02000159", "W02000160", "W02000161", "W02000162", "W02000163", "W02000164", "W02000165", "W02000166", "W02000167", "W02000414", "W02000416", "W02000418", "W02000421"],
    "url": "https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/api/v01/",
    "cross_tabulation": false
  },
  "assumptions": null,
  "mcmc_settings": null
}

Assumptions

Resident Census population is an exposure choice. It may differ from the people present or exposed to police activity. Missing-ethnicity allocations are stated scenarios. Their ranges are not confidence intervals and are not combined with sampling uncertainty. Spatial smoothing stabilises under its model assumptions; inspect unsmoothed data, local changes and convergence diagnostics.

Limitations

Repeated events, deployment, activity, selection and measurement can affect comparisons. Hit rates condition on being searched and do not by themselves establish discrimination. Darkness associations require assumptions about visibility and comparable activity and deployment. The method originated for vehicle stops; its transfer to pedestrian searches requires justification. Neither an undefined result nor a wide interval establishes absence of disparity.

Sources and reproducibility

data.police.uk archive, ONS geography and NOMIS Census data supply the public inputs.

Public archive and ONS/NOMIS data retain their Open Government Licence v3.0 attribution. The following metadata identify snapshots, source hashes, geography vintages, population sources and classification. No external assets or scripts are loaded when this report is viewed.

{
  "source": "data.police.uk archive",
  "snapshots": [
    {
      "archive_file": "2026-07.zip",
      "sha256": "312e3b1533ac953df07636781588578335113ef918584de4fcdfcb014a69ca16",
      "downloaded_at": "2026-09-16 10:24:44",
      "url": "https://data.police.uk/data/archive/2026-07.zip"
    }
  ],
  "geography": {
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      "layer_id": "68515293204e43ca8ab56fa13ae8a547",
      "service_layer": 0,
      "vintage": "2021-12",
      "crs": "WGS 84",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16 10:59:02",
      "url": "https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Lower_layer_Super_Output_Areas_December_2021_Boundaries_EW_BGC_V5/FeatureServer/0",
      "generalisation_m": 20,
      "assignment_crs": "EPSG:27700",
      "threshold_m": 50
    },
    "msoa21": {
      "type": "msoa21",
      "layer_id": "6b282db29762450881ed5159259a6e4e",
      "service_layer": 0,
      "vintage": "2021-12",
      "crs": "WGS 84",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16 11:00:01",
      "url": "https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Middle_layer_Super_Output_Areas_December_2021_Boundaries_EW_BGC_V3/FeatureServer/0",
      "generalisation_m": 20,
      "assignment_crs": "EPSG:27700",
      "threshold_m": 50
    },
    "pfa": {
      "type": "pfa",
      "vintage": "2025-04",
      "method": "LSOA21-LAD22 then unchanged sample LAD codes to PFA25",
      "layer_id": "8f77bda25c124e43aca5f3b90494e405",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16 10:56:07"
    },
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      "retrieved": "2026-09-16 10:56:07",
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  "population": {
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    "retrieved": "2026-09-16 11:00:20",
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}